Advanced Treatment Performance of Combined Constructed Wetland System on Secondary Effluent from Wastewater Treatment Plant
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摘要: 为了解组合人工湿地系统深度处理污水的效果，利用水质分析和微生物多样性分析相结合的方法，研究了VF-HF组合人工湿地系统〔由VFCW（垂直流人工湿地）与HFCW（水平流人工湿地）串联组成〕深度处理污水处理厂二级出水的效果.结果表明：①稳定运行期间，VF-HF组合人工湿地系统出水的ρ（CODCr）、ρ（NH4+-N）、ρ（TN）和ρ（TP）的平均值分别为18.11、0.41、0.96和0.16 mg/L，对CODCr、NH4+-N、TN和TP的平均去除率分别为67.21%、89.83%、90.08%和70.91%，且VFCW对CODCr的去除性能好于HFCW，HFCW对氮的去除性能好于VFCW.②VF-HF组合人工湿地系统中细菌的丰富度和多样性差异明显，VFCW和HFCW中上层填料中细菌的丰富度和多样性均大于下层，且系统中优势细菌富集明显，其中VFCW沸石层富集了优势反硝化细菌菌科（Comamonadaceae）和优势菌属（Desulfomicrobium），HFCW的石英砂层富集了优势反硝化细菌菌科（Xanthomonadaceae）和优势菌属（Silanimonas），HFCW的沸石层富集了优势反硝化细菌菌科（Rhodocyclaceae）.研究显示，VF-HF组合人工湿地系统深度处理二级出水的效果较好，出水水质达到GB 3938—2002《地表水环境质量标准》Ⅲ类水质要求，且系统中富集了优势反硝化细菌菌科（Comamonadaceae，Xanthomonadaceae，Rhodocyclacea）以及优势菌属（Desulfomicrobium，Silanimonas）.Abstract: In order to study the performance of advanced treatment for contaminated water on a combined constructed wetland, two indicators, including water quality and microbial diversity, were analyzed in a lab-scale VF-HF combined constructed wetland system, consisting of VFCW (vertical flow constructed wetland) and HFCW (horizontal flow constructed wetland). Meanwhile, the removal rate and the microbial community structure in the system were discussed. The results indicated the average concentrations of chemical oxygen demand (CODCr), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in the effluent of the system were 18.11, 0.41, 0.96 and 0.16 mg/L, respectively, and the average removal rates of CODCr, NH4+-N, TN and TP were 67.21%, 89.83%, 90.08% and 70.91%, respectively. VFCW had better removal performance of CODCr than HFCW, and HFCW had better nitrogen removal performance than VFCW. On the other hand, the richness and diversity of bacteria in the VF-HF combined constructed wetland system were significantly different. The richness and diversity of the bacteria in the upper layer of VFCW and HFCW were higher than that of the lower layer. And the system was obviously enriched with dominant bacteria. The VFCW zeolite layer was enriched with the dominant denitrifying bacteria family, Comarmonadaceae, and the dominant species, Desulfomicrobium. The quartz sand layer of HFCW was enriched with the dominant denitrifying bacteria family, Xanthomonadaceae, and the dominant species, Silanimonas. The zeolite layer of HFCW was enriched with the high relative abundance of denitrifying bacteria family, Rhodocyclaceae. The research shows that the combined constructed wetland system has better effect on the advanced treatment of secondary effluent, and the effluent quality meets the requirements of Class Ⅲ water quality of 'Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard'(GB 3938-2002). The system is enriched with high abundance denitrifying bacteria families, Comarmonadaceae, Xanthomonadaceae and Rhodocyclaceae and the species, Desulfomicrobium and Silanimonas.
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Key words:
- constructed wetland /
- advanced treatment /
- denitrifying bacteria
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图 1 VF-HF组合人工湿地系统示意
Figure 1. The diagram of VF-HF combined constructed wetland system
图 2 VF-HF组合人工湿地系统对CODCr的去除规律
Figure 2. The removal of CODCr by the VF-HF combined constructed wetland system
图 3 VF-HF组合人工湿地系统对氮的去除规律
Figure 3. The removal of nitrogen by the VF-HF combined constructed wetland system
图 4 VF-HF组合人工湿地系统运行期间不同采样点ρ(DO)的平均值
Figure 4. Average DO concentrations of the different sampling areas in VF-HF combined constructed wetland system during operation period
图 5 VF-HF组合人工湿地系统对TP的去除规律
Figure 5. The removal of TP by the VF-HF combined constructed wetland system
图 6 门、科和属水平下不同样本的细菌群落结构
Figure 6. Composition of bacterial community collected from the different samples at the phylum, family, genus levels
表 1 VF1-1、VF1-2、VF1-3、HF1-1和HF1-2的细菌多样性、丰富度和覆盖度指数的比较
Table 1. Comparison of community diversity, richness and coverage of the five samples (VF1-1, VF1-2, VF1-3, HF1-1 and HF1-2)
样本名称 序列数/条 OUTs/个 Coverage指数 Sobs指数 ACE指数 Chao 1指数 Shannon-Wiener指数 Simpson指数 VF1-1 37 992 20 432 0.99 819 1 051 1 044 5.01 0.02 VF1-2 35 791 29 958 0.99 1 521 1 747 1 830 5.93 0.01 VF1-3 34 032 25 945 0.99 1 451 1 767 1 826 5.77 0.01 HF1-1 43 986 26 932 0.99 821 981 993 4.78 0.03 HF1-2 34 483 26 426 0.99 1 502 1 775 1 823 5.86 0.01 
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