地下水潜在污染源危害性评价方法研究

李翔; 李妍颖; 李绍康; 杨津津; 任耀宗; 李娟; 席北斗

doi:10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2020.05.30

地下水潜在污染源危害性评价方法研究

doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2020.05.30

李翔^{1, 2,},
李妍颖^{2, 3},
李绍康^{1, 2},
杨津津^{1, 2},
任耀宗^{1, 2},
李娟^4, ,,
席北斗^{1, 2, ,}

1.
中国环境科学研究院, 环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012
2.
中国环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护地下水污染模拟与控制重点实验室, 北京 100012
3.
成都理工大学环境与土木工程学院, 四川成都 610059
4.
生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心, 北京 100012

基金项目:

国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项 2018ZX07109-001

详细信息

作者简介:
李翔(1970-), 女, 河南洛阳人, 研究员, 博士, 主要从事规划环境影响评价、地下水污染控制与修复技术研究, lixiang@craes.org.cn

通讯作者:
李娟(1981-), 女, 陕西岐山人, 副研究员, 博士, 主要从事土壤和地下水污染防治研究, lijuan@craes.org.cn

席北斗(1969-), 男, 安徽砀山人, 研究员, 博士, 博导, 主要从事土壤与地下水污染防控与修复、固体废物污染防治与资源化等研究, xibeidou@yeah.net

中图分类号: X523
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-03-22
- 修回日期: 2020-05-11
- 刊出日期: 2020-06-25

Risk Assessment of Potential Pollution Sources of Groundwater

LI Xiang^{1, 2
,},
LI Yanying^{2, 3},
LI Shaokang^{1, 2},
YANG Jinjin^{1, 2},
REN Yaozong^{1, 2},
LI Juan^{4
, ,},
XI Beidou^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
2.
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
3.
School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
4.
Technical Centre for Soil, Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China

Funds:

National Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment, China 2018ZX07109-001

摘要

摘要: 地下水污染源危害性评价对地下水资源保护及地下水污染防控区划具有重要意义，然而现有区域尺度地下水污染源荷载危害性评价弱化了点源污染复合强度对地下水的影响.因此，为更准确地进行区域地下水潜在污染源危害性评价，引入污染复合强度要素.选取工业源、农业源、生活源、地表排污河、垃圾场和加油站为研究对象，构建以污染源种类、污染物排放量、污染源释放可能性、缓冲区半径和污染复合强度为指标的综合评价模型，采用层次分析法确定各类污染源权重，基于ArcGIS 10.2软件对沧州市进行地下水综合潜在污染源荷载危害性评价.结果表明：Ⅳ、Ⅴ级风险区面积为5 560.0 km²，占总面积的41.6%，主要位于沧州市中部、北部地区，其危害性受工业源影响最大；Ⅰ、Ⅱ级风险区面积为3 303.4 km²，占总面积的25.2%，主要位于沧州市东部地区.研究显示，该评价方法强化了点源污染复合强度对地下水危害性的影响，可为区域地下水潜在污染源危害性评价提供参考，对地下水资源保护及污染防控区划具有重要意义.
- 地下水 /
- 潜在污染源 /
- 危害性评价 /
- 分级
Abstract: The risk assessment of groundwater pollution sources plays an important role in groundwater protection, the divisions of pollution prevention and control areas. However, existing methods underestimate the potential risk of combined pollution of groundwater from point sources. In order to evaluate the potential risk of regional groundwater more accurately, the pollution composite strength factor was investigated in this study. Taking industrial pollution sources, agricultural pollution sources, surface blowdown river, garbage dumps and gas stations as the research objects, a comprehensive evaluation model was established to estimate the type of pollution source, the amount of pollutant produced, the possibility of pollution source discharge, buffer radius and composite pollution intensity. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to determine the weight of various pollution sources. The load harmfulness of groundwater in Cangzhou City was evaluated using ArcGIS 10.2. The results showed that the area of level Ⅳ and Ⅴ risk covered was 5560.0 km², accounting for 41.6% of the total area, and was located in the central and northern of Cangzhou City. It was most affected by industrial pollution sources. The area level Ⅰ and Ⅱ risk was 3303.4 km², accounting for 25.2% of the total area, and it was concentrated in the eastern part of Cangzhou City. The research showed that the composite pollution intensity of point source pollution on groundwater hazard could be strengthened by this method, which could provide reference for the hazard assessment of regional groundwater potential pollution sources, and was of great significance for groundwater resource protection and pollution prevention and control zoning.
- groundwater /
- potential source of pollution /
- hazard assessment /
- grading

HTML全文

图 1 地下水潜在污染源荷载危害性评价流程

Figure 1. Hazard assessment process of the load harmfulness of groundwater

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 点源污染分布

Figure 2. Spot pollutant source distribution

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 单个潜在污染源荷载危害性评价结果

Figure 3. Hazard assessment of single potential pollution source load

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 综合潜在污染源荷载危害性评价结果

Figure 4. Comprehensive load harmfulness assessment of potential pollution sources

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 层次分析法指标含义

Table 1. Index of Analytic hierarchy process

标值	含义
1	表示两种因素同等重要
3	一个因素比另外一个因素稍微重要
5	一个因素比另外一个因素比较重要
7	一个因素比另外一个因素特别重要
9	一个因素比另外一个因素极其重要
2、4、6、8	表示两种因素重要程度为上述判断中值
上述标值倒数	表示两种因素重要程度与上述判断相反

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 层次分析法中修正因子(RI)取值

Table 2. Value of correction factor RI in analytic hierarchy process

阶数	RI	阶数	RI	阶数	RI
1	0	6	1.24	11	1.52
2	0	7	1.32	12	1.54
3	0.58	8	1.41	13	1.56
4	0.90	9	1.45	14	1.58
5	1.12	10	1.49	15	1.59

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表 3 点源污染分级评分

Table 3. Point pollution rating

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 线源污染分级评分

Table 4. Liner pollution rating

线源	K	Q	L	λ₁
北排河	1	1	1	1
沧浪渠	1	3	1	1
青静黄排水渠	1	3	1	1
子牙新河	1	5	1	1
宣惠河	1	1	1	1

下载: 导出CSV

表 5 面源污染分级评分

Table 5. Surface pollution rating

下载: 导出CSV

表 6 地下水潜在污染源荷载判断矩阵

Table 6. Load judgment matrix of potential pollution source of groundwater

项目	工业源	垃圾场	加油站	农业源	生活源	地表排污河
工业源	1	2	2	2	3	3
垃圾场	1/2	1	1	1	2	2
加油站	1/2	1	1	1	2	2
农业源	1/2	1	1	1	2	2
生活源	1/3	1/2	1/2	1/2	1	1
地表排污河	1/3	1/2	1/2	1/2	1	1

下载: 导出CSV

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