乡镇尺度大娄山区生态系统服务价值时空变化研究

姜栋栋; 马伟波; 邹凤丽; 李海东; 张龙江; 刘桂建

doi:10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2020.11.10

乡镇尺度大娄山区生态系统服务价值时空变化研究

doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2020.11.10

姜栋栋^{1, 3,},
马伟波^2, ,,
邹凤丽^{2, 4},
李海东²,
张龙江²,
刘桂建¹

1.
中国科学技术大学, 安徽合肥 230026
2.
生态环境部南京环境科学研究所, 江苏南京 210042
3.
生态环境部华东督察局, 江苏南京 210019
4.
武汉大学遥感信息工程学院, 湖北武汉 430079

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目 2018YFD1100104

详细信息

作者简介:
姜栋栋(1985-), 男, 安徽涡阳人, kingjeddie@foxmail.com

通讯作者:
马伟波(1991-), 男, 陕西宝鸡人, 助理研究员, 硕士, 主要从事生态保护与修复研究, maweibo@nies.org

中图分类号: X903;F323.22
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-09-15
- 修回日期: 2020-10-30
- 刊出日期: 2020-12-25

Spatiotemporal Changes of Ecosystem Service Value in Dalou Mountain Area at Township Scale

1.
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
2.
Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
3.
East China Inspection Bureau, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210019, China
4.
School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China

Funds:

National Key Research and Development Program of China 2018YFD1100104

摘要

摘要: 乡镇尺度生态系统服务价值(Ecosystem Service Value，ESV)核算对于制定乡镇差异化发展调控政策具有重要参考价值.以大娄山区水源涵养与生物多样性保护功能区(简称“大娄山区”)为研究对象，基于2000年和2018年2期土地利用数据，通过单位面积价值当量核算、地貌、地表粗糙度、空间统计等方法，研究了乡镇域ESV，并分析其地形效应和空间关联特征.结果表明：①2000—2018年大娄山区ESV整体呈稳定且微弱增长趋势，由1 891.44×10⁸元增至1 895.73×10⁸元；有28个乡镇ESV呈下降趋势，其中22个分布在贵州省.②在大娄山区4种地貌类型中，以缓坡区域的ESV最高(2018年)，为811.69×10⁸元；而区域单位面积ESV由高到低依次为峡谷底(0.21×10⁸元/km²) >山脊(0.07×10⁸元/km²) >缓坡(0.06×10⁸元/km²) >陡坡(0.01×10⁸元/km²).③2000年和2018年大娄山区ESV全局Moran's I值分别为0.111和0.109，且P值均小于0.05，表明研究区有显著的空间自相关性和空间聚集效应.2000—2018年，乡镇尺度ESV变化主要有5个空间热点聚集区和2个冷点聚集区.研究显示，建议对大娄山区28个ESV下降的乡镇、ESV冷点聚集区所涉及的乡镇、Ⅲ级地表粗糙度和缓坡重叠区域应优先开展“三生”空间优化.
- 生态系统服务价值 /
- 乡镇尺度 /
- 地形效应 /
- 空间关联特征 /
- 大娄山区
Abstract: Ecosystem service value accounting on a township scale has important reference value for formulating policies for differentiated development of townships. Taking the important areas of water conservation and biodiversity protection in the Dalou Mountain area as the research object, based on the land use data in 2000 and 2018, using the evaluation method, landform, surface roughness and spatial statistical analysis method, the ecosystem service value of the township area was studied, and the topographic effect and its spatial correlation characteristics were analyzed. The results show: (1) From 2000 to 2018, the overall ecosystem service value of the Dalou Mountain area showed a steady and weak growth trend. The comprehensive value increased from 1891.44×10⁸ RMB to 1895.73×10⁸ RMB; the ecosystem service value of 28 towns showed a downward trend, of which 22 located in Guizhou Province. (2) Among the four types of landforms in the Dalou Mountain area, the ecosystem service value of the gentle slope area was the highest (2018), which is 811.69×10⁸ RMB; the value of regional ecosystem services per unit area in descending order was: canyon bottom (0.21×10⁸ RMB/km²) > ridge (0.07×10⁸ RMB/km²) > gentle slope (0.06×10⁸ RMB/km²) > steep slope (0.01×10⁸ RMB/km²). (3) In 2000 and 2018, the global Moran's I value of the Dalou Mountain area of the ecosystem service value was 0.111 and 0.109, and the P value was less than 0.05, indicating that the value of ecosystem services in the township area had significant spatial autocorrelation and spatial aggregation effects. At the same time, changes in the value of ecosystem services at the township scale were mainly distributed in 5 hot spots and 2 cold spots. It is recommended to give priority to the 28 villages and towns with declining ecosystem service value, the towns in the ecosystem service value cold spot clustering area, and the overlapping areas of level Ⅲ surface roughness and gentle slopes in the Dalou Mountain area to optimize the ecological-production-living spaces.
- ecosystem service value /
- township scale /
- topographical effect /
- spatial association features /
- Dalou Mountain area

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图 1 大娄山区水源涵养与生物多样性保护重要区地理位置

Figure 1. Distribution map of important areas for water conservation and biodiversity protection in the Dalou Mountain area

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图 2 大娄山区ESV分布格局

Figure 2. Distribution pattern of ESV in Dalou Mountain area

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图 3 大娄山区2018年11种乡镇尺度ESV空间分布

Figure 3. Spatial distribution of 11 types ESV at township scale in Dalou Mountain area in 2018

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图 4 大娄山区乡镇尺度地表粗糙度和地貌划分

Figure 4. Spatial distribution of TPI and landform in the Dalou Mountain area

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图 5 大娄山区乡镇尺度单位面积ESV与地表粗糙度散点图

Figure 5. Scatter plot of ESV per unit area and surface roughness in Dalou Mountain area on township scale

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图 6 2000—2018年大娄山区乡镇尺度ESV冷点和热点空间分布

Figure 6. Spatial distribution of ESV cold spots and hot spots in Dalou Mountain area from 2000 to 2018 on township scale

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表 1 2000年和2018年大娄山区土地利用情况

Table 1. Land use in Dalou Mountain area in 2000 and 2018 km²

年份	耕地	林地	草地	水域	湿地	建设用地	未利用地
2000	11 196.00	17 782.20	3 806.77	15.57	16.72	46.71	7.97
2018	10 938.30	17 987.10	3 596.93	28.55	23.35	289.78	7.93

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表 2 大娄山区单位面积生态服务价值系数

Table 2. ESV coefficient per unit area in Dalou Mountain area 元/(hm² ·a)

一级类型	二级类型	耕地	林地	草地	湿地	裸地	水域
	食物生产	3 373.57	1 230.36	1 508.18	2 024.14	0.00	3 175.12
供给服务	原料生产	1 587.56	2 817.92	2 222.59	1 984.45	0.00	912.85
	水资源供给	51.54	953.57	798.94	6 674.97	0.00	21 365.07
调节服务	气体调节	2 659.17	9 326.92	7 818.74	7 540.92	79.38	3 056.06
	气候调节	1 428.81	27 901.39	20 677.99	14 288.05	0.00	9 088.79
	净化环境	396.89	7 898.12	6 826.51	14 288.05	396.89	22 027.41
	水文调节	695.85	9 046.01	9 844.94	62 445.80	77.32	263 493.95
	土壤保持	2 654.53	7 370.82	6 185.30	5 953.36	51.54	2 396.81
支持服务	维持养分循环	476.27	873.16	714.40	714.40	0.00	277.82
	生物多样性	515.96	10 319.15	8 652.21	31 235.27	79.38	10 120.70
文化服务	美学景观	238.13	4 524.55	3 810.15	18 772.91	39.69	7 501.23

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表 3 基于TPI的地貌划分

Table 3. Division of landform classification based on TPI

坡度位置	划分方法
山脊	TPI>143
陡坡	143≥TPI>-136, slope>12°
缓坡	143>TPI≥-136, slope≤12°
峡谷底	TPI < -136

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表 4 2000—2018年大娄山区ESV时序变化

Table 4. Changes in time series of ecosystem service value in Dalou Mountain area from 2000 to 2018

生态系统服务功能		ESV/(10⁸元)			占比¹⁾/%	变幅/%
生态系统服务功能		2000年	2018年	2000—2018年变化	占比¹⁾/%	变幅/%
	食物生产	65.47	64.59	-0.88	3.41	-1.34
供给服务	原料生产	76.39	76.12	-0.27	4.02	-0.36
	水资源供给	21.02	21.36	0.34	1.13	1.60
调节服务	气体调节	225.56	225.24	-0.33	11.88	-0.14
	气候调节	591.24	592.46	1.22	31.25	0.21
	净化环境	171.46	171.92	0.46	9.07	0.27
	水文调节	211.27	214.72	3.44	11.33	1.63
	土壤保持	184.47	184.07	-0.40	9.71	-0.22
支持服务	维持养分循环	23.59	23.51	-0.09	1.24	-0.36
	生物多样性维护	222.89	223.39	0.50	11.78	0.23
文化服务	美学景观	98.06	98.35	0.29	5.19	0.29
合计		1 891.44	1 895.73	4.29	100.00	0.23
注：1) 2018年各单项ESV占总ESV比例.

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表 5 大娄山区ESV地貌效应

Table 5. The landform effect of ESV in Dalou Mountain area

地貌	面积/km²	面积占比/%	ESV/(10⁸元)			2018年单位面积ESV/ (10⁸元/km²)
地貌	面积/km²	面积占比/%	2000年	2018年	2000—2018年变化	2018年单位面积ESV/ (10⁸元/km²)
峡谷底	3 318.87	10.08	710.35	712.55	2.2	0.21
缓坡	13 581.62	41.27	794.54	811.69	17.15	0.06
陡坡	12 979.76	39.44	174.57	158.65	-15.92	0.01
山脊	3 030.36	9.21	211.98	212.84	0.86	0.07

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表 6 大娄山区ESV地表粗糙度效应

Table 6. The effect of ESV surface roughness on the township scale in Dalou Mountain area

地表粗糙度等级	乡镇数/个	面积/km²	面积占比/%	ESV/(10⁸元)			变幅/%
地表粗糙度等级	乡镇数/个	面积/km²	面积占比/%	2000年	2018年	2000—2018年变化	变幅/%
Ⅰ	45	2 088.68	6.36	206.96	203.68	-3.28	-1.58
Ⅱ	106	8 471.69	25.78	521.22	523.69	2.47	0.47
Ⅲ	104	10 790.37	32.84	624.56	630.24	5.68	0.91
Ⅳ	78	8 490.89	25.84	398.55	397.01	-1.54	-0.39
Ⅴ	24	3 015.66	9.18	140.15	141.11	0.96	0.68

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表 7 大娄山区ESV全局相关性

Table 7. The landform effect of ESV in Dalou Mountain area

项目	2000年	2018年	2000—2018年变化
全局Moran′s I	0.111	0.109	0.140
z scores	3.071	3.004	3.858
P	< 0.05	< 0.05	< 0.05
注：z scores为标准差的倍数.

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