呼伦湖表层沉积物有机质的释放效应分析

王雯雯; 陈俊伊; 姜霞; 李贺; 王书航

doi:10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2021.02.03

呼伦湖表层沉积物有机质的释放效应分析

doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2021.02.03

王雯雯^{1, 2,},
陈俊伊^{1, 2},
姜霞^{1, 2},
李贺^{1, 2},
王书航^{1, 2, ,}

1.
中国环境科学研究院, 湖泊水污染治理与生态修复技术国家工程实验室, 北京 100012
2.
中国环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护湖泊污染控制重点实验室, 北京 100012

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 42202018033

详细信息

作者简介:
王雯雯(1987-)，女，黑龙江哈尔滨人，博士，主要从事湖泊水环境研究，wangwenwen-5720088@163.com

通讯作者:
王书航(1985-)，男，安徽阜阳人，高级工程师，博士，主要从事湖泊水环境研究，wangsh@craes.org.cn

中图分类号: X524
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-11-19
- 修回日期: 2021-02-10
- 刊出日期: 2021-04-25

Release Effect of Surface Sediment Organic Matters in Lake Hulun

WANG Wenwen^{1, 2
,},
CHEN Junyi^{1, 2},
JIANG Xia^{1, 2},
LI He^{1, 2},
WANG Shuhang^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
2.
State Environment Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China

Funds:

National Natural Science Foundation of China 42202018033

摘要

摘要: 沉积物有机质是湖泊物质循环的重要组成部分之一，研究沉积物有机质的赋存和迁移转化特征对于湖泊生态保护具有重要意义.以位于我国寒旱区的蒙新湖区典型代表湖泊——呼伦湖为例，利用连续提取法、三维荧光激发发射矩阵光谱-平行因子法（EEMs-PARAFAC）和碳稳定同位素（δ¹³C）、碳氮比值（C/N）指标测定，并结合室内模拟试验，研究了呼伦湖表层沉积物有机质的赋存特征、释放效应及影响因素.结果表明：①呼伦湖表层沉积物有机质含量在26.67~38.09 g/kg之间，其主要组分为胡敏素（HM），HM占沉积物有机质的相对比例为74.1%.沉积物有机质主要来自于陆源，陆源相对贡献率在80%左右.②沉积物室内静态释放模拟试验结果表明，沉积物有机质释放会导致上覆水中溶解性有机质（DOM）浓度和组分均发生改变，上覆水中溶解性有机碳（DOC）浓度由30.85 mg/L升至37.57 mg/L，类腐殖质组分所占比例升高.沉积物有机质释放还导致上覆水中氮磷浓度升高，其中溶解性总氮（DTN）和溶解性总磷（DTP）的浓度分别升高了0.89和0.16 mg/L.③近年来，呼伦湖流域温度升高，导致呼伦湖沉积物有机质的释放效应增强.研究显示，虽然呼伦湖沉积物有机质主要以难降解组分为主，但是其释放效应对水体碳、氮、磷浓度的影响仍然不容忽视.
- 呼伦湖 /
- 沉积物有机质 /
- 赋存特征 /
- 释放效应
Abstract: Sediment organic matter is one of the important components of lake material cycle. It is of great significance to the environmental protection of lakes to study the characteristics, transportation and transformation of sediment organic matter in lakes. Take Lake Hulun, a typical lake in the Inner Mongolia-Xinjiang lake area located in the cold and arid region of China, as an example, the occurrence characteristics of sediment organic matter in surface sediments, effects of sediment organic matter release and influencing factors were studied using sequential extraction method, three-dimensional fluorescence excitation emission matrix spectrum-parallel factor method (EEMs-PARAFAC), stable carbon isotope (δ¹³C), carbon and nitrogen ratio (C/N), and simulating lab test. The results showed that the content of sediment organic matter in the surface sediments of Lake Hulun was 26.67-38.09 g/kg, and the main component of the sediment organic matter was humin (HM), accounting for 74.1%. The sediment organic matter mainly came from the terrestrial sources, with a relative contribution rate of about 80%. The results of static release simulation test of sediments showed that sediment organic matter release lead to changes in the concentration and composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in overlying water. The concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in overlying water increased from 30.85 mg/L to 37.57 mg/L, and the proportion of humus-like components increased. Sediment organic matter release also resulted in the increase of nitrogen and phosphorus in overlying water. The concentrations of dissolved total nitrogen (DTN) and dissolved total phosphorus (DTP) increased by 0.89 and 0.16 mg/L, respectively. In recent years, the temperature in the Lake Hulun Basin increased, and could enhance the sediment organic matter release. This study showed that although the sediment organic matter in Lake Hulun was mainly composed of refractory components, the release effect of the sediment organic matter on the concentrations of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the water could not be ignored.
- Lake Hulun /
- sediment organic matter /
- occurrence characteristics /
- release effect

HTML全文

图 1 呼伦湖沉积物采样点布设

Figure 1. Sampling sites and location of the sediments of Lake Hulun

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图 2 呼伦湖表层沉积物有机质含量及组分构成

Figure 2. Content and component composition of sediment organic matter in surface sediments of Lake Hulun

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图 3 沉积物有机质释放过程中上覆水DOM浓度及累积增加量的变化

Figure 3. Changes of content and cumulative increment of DOM in overlying water during the sediment organic matter release

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图 4 沉积物有机质释放过程中上覆水CDOM浓度(α₂₅₄, m^-1)的变化

注：CDOM的浓度以α₂₅₄的值来表征，单位为m^-1.

Figure 4. Changes of CDOM (α₂₅₄, m^-1) in overlying water during the sediment organic matter release

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图 5 沉积物有机质释放过程中上覆水DOM的荧光组分

Figure 5. Fluorescent components of DOM in overlying water during the sediment organic matter release

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图 6 沉积物有机质释放过程中上覆水DOM各组分荧光强度的变化

Figure 6. Changes of fluorescence intensities of DOM components in overlying water during the sediment organic matter release

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图 7 沉积物有机质释放过程中上覆水DOM总荧光强度(F_t)的变化

Figure 7. Changes of F_t of DOM in water during the sediment organic matter release

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图 8 沉积物有机质释放过程中上覆水DOM荧光强度和荧光构成的变化

Figure 8. Changes of fluorescence intensity and constitute of DOM in water during the sediment organic matter release

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图 9 沉积物有机质释放过程中上覆水溶解性氮、磷浓度的变化

Figure 9. Changes of dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus in overlying water during the sediment organic matter release

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图 10 上覆水中DOM浓度与氮、磷浓度的相关性

Figure 10. Correlation of DOM, nitrogen and phosphorus in overlying water

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图 11 不同温度培养下上覆水中DOM浓度的变化

Figure 11. Changes of DOM in overlying water at different temperatures

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