呼伦湖水体氟化物演变特征及其影响因素

君珊; 张博; 王鹏飞; 李贺; 姜霞; 王书航

doi:10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2021.02.08

呼伦湖水体氟化物演变特征及其影响因素

doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2021.02.08

君珊^{1, 3,},
张博^{1, 2},
王鹏飞^{1, 2},
李贺^{1, 2},
姜霞^{1, 2},
王书航^{1, 2, ,}

1.
中国环境科学研究院湖泊生态环境研究所, 湖泊水污染治理与生态修复技术国家工程实验室, 北京 100012
2.
中国环境科学研究院湖泊生态环境研究所, 国家环境保护湖泊污染控制重点实验室, 北京 100012
3.
内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔生态环境监测站, 内蒙古呼伦贝尔 021008

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 41907335

详细信息

作者简介:
君珊(1972-)，女，内蒙古呼伦贝尔人，正高级工程师，硕士，主要从事环境监测、环境评价研究，j_shm@126.com

通讯作者:
王书航(1985-)，男，安徽阜阳人，高级工程师，博士，主要从事湖泊水环境研究，wangsh@craes.org.cn

中图分类号: X52
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-11-20
- 修回日期: 2021-02-26
- 刊出日期: 2021-04-25

Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Fluoride in Lake Water of Hulun Lake

JUN Shan^{1, 3
,},
ZHANG Bo^{1, 2},
WANG Pengfei^{1, 2},
LI He^{1, 2},
JIANG Xia^{1, 2},
WANG Shuhang^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Ecological Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
2.
State Environment Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Ecological Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
3.
Ecological Environment Monitoring Station of Inner Mongolia, Hulunbeir 021008, China

Funds:

National Natural Science Foundation of China 41907335

摘要

摘要: 为识别呼伦湖水体中氟化物的演变趋势，揭示呼伦湖水体氟化物浓度畸高的原因，于2015—2020年对呼伦湖入湖河流、湖周地下水、湖泊水体中氟化物（以F^-计）浓度进行了详细调查，并结合2005—2014年历史数据分析呼伦湖水体中氟化物浓度的影响因素.结果表明：2018—2019年，呼伦湖全湖水体氟化物浓度平均值在2.27~2.42 mg/L之间，年均值为2.36 mg/L，4个季节平均值之间无显著差异，但空间分布差异显著，在春季、夏季和秋季均表现为四周低、中间高的分布趋势，冬季则相反.3条主要入湖河流克鲁伦河、乌尔逊河和呼伦沟河水体中氟化物浓度显著低于湖体，分别为（1.14±0.36）（0.84±0.14）和（0.33±0.08）mg/L，氟化物入湖通量分别为236.41、396.31和301.29 t/a，地下水和入湖河流输入是呼伦湖水体氟化物的主要来源.呼伦湖水体中氟化物浓度主要在特殊气候地理条件引起的高自然本底环境下，受pH、湖体蓄水量和冰封作用的共同影响.研究显示，入湖河流、地下水等输入的氟化物在强蒸发作用下富集浓缩且缺少氟化物出湖途径是造成呼伦湖水体氟化物浓度畸高的根本原因.
- 呼伦湖 /
- 氟化物 /
- 空间分布 /
- 来源 /
- 冰封期
Abstract: In order to identify the evolution trend and reveal the reasons for the abnormally high fluoride concentration in Hulun Lake, field surveys of the fluoride concentration in the inflow rivers, surrounding groundwater and lake water were conducted from 2015 to 2019. Together with the historical fluoride concentration in Hulun Lake from 2005 to 2014, the factors influencing the fluoride concentration in Hulun Lake were analyzed. Based on the data from the whole-lake surveys conducted in 4 different seasons of 2018-2019, the whole-lake average fluoride concentration in Hulun Lake was 2.27-2.42 mg/L, with an annual average of 2.36 mg/L, and there was no significant difference between the average concentrations of the four seasons. However, the lake water fluoride concentration showed different spatial distribution patterns in the four seasons. While the fluoride concentration in the areas near the lakeshore was lower than in the lake center in spring, summer and autumn, the fluoride concentration was higher near the lakeshore in winter. The fluoride concentrations in the water of the three major inflow rivers of Hulun Lake were (1.14±0.36), (0.84±0.14) and (0.33±0.08)mg/L, which were significantly lower than that of the lake water. The fluoride fluxes from the three major rivers into the lake were 236.41, 396.31 and 301.29 t/a, respectively. Inflow rivers and groundwater discharge were the main input sources of fluoride in Hulun Lake. The fluoride concentration in the water of Hulun Lake was mainly resulted from the high natural background environment caused by the special climatic and geographical conditions, and it was also affected by pH, lake water volume and icing. Accumulation and concentration of the fluoride from the inflow rivers, groundwater discharge and other sources in the lake under the influence of the high evaporation and a lack of fluoride output are the primary causes of the high fluoride concentration in the Hulun Lake water.
- Hulun Lake /
- fluoride /
- spatial distribution /
- source /
- icebound season

HTML全文

图 1 呼伦湖水体采样点分布示意

Figure 1. Locations of water sampling points in and around Hulun Lake

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 呼伦湖3条入湖河流中氟化物浓度

Figure 2. Fluoride concentration in the water of the three major inflow rivers of Hulun Lake

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 呼伦湖固定监测点位月际及全湖四季水体中氟化物浓度变化情况

Figure 3. Monthly and seasonal changes of the lake water fluoride concentration at the fixed monitoring points and in the whole lake

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 呼伦湖水体氟化物的空间分布特征

Figure 4. Spatial distribution of fluoride concentration in Hulun Lake during the four seasons

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 呼伦湖水体中氟化物浓度与水位、pH的相关性分析

注: 实心点数据(2005—2014年)来自文献[18]，空心点数据(2015—2019年)为笔者调查数据.

Figure 5. Relationship between the fluoride concentration and the pH and water level of Hulun Lake

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 冰封期呼伦湖水体与冰层中氟化物浓度对比

Figure 6. Fluoride concentration in the water and ice of Hulun Lake during the icebound season

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 入湖河流、地下水、降水和湖面蒸发引起的呼伦湖水体氟化物浓度的变化

Table 1. The influence of river water recharge, groundwater recharge, precipitation and evaporation on the fluoride concentration in Hulun Lake

参数	入湖河流	地下水	降水	湖面蒸发
氟化物浓度/(mg/L)	0.587	2.23	0.053	0
水量/(10⁶ m³)	1 592.17	390.00	461.26	2 495.30
氟化物质量/t	934.01	869.70	24.45	—
氟化物浓度变化/(mg/L)	-0.37	-0.01	-0.12	0.51

下载: 导出CSV

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