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多塘湿地对降雨径流的截留特点

李丹 郑丙辉 储昭升 侯泽英 袁静

李丹, 郑丙辉, 储昭升, 侯泽英, 袁静. 多塘湿地对降雨径流的截留特点[J]. 环境科学研究, 2022, 35(7): 1605-1614. doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2022.02.12
引用本文: 李丹, 郑丙辉, 储昭升, 侯泽英, 袁静. 多塘湿地对降雨径流的截留特点[J]. 环境科学研究, 2022, 35(7): 1605-1614. doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2022.02.12
LI Dan, ZHENG Binghui, CHU Zhaosheng, HOU Zeying, YUAN Jing. Rainstorm Runoff Interception Characteristics of Multi-Pond Constructed Wetland[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2022, 35(7): 1605-1614. doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2022.02.12
Citation: LI Dan, ZHENG Binghui, CHU Zhaosheng, HOU Zeying, YUAN Jing. Rainstorm Runoff Interception Characteristics of Multi-Pond Constructed Wetland[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2022, 35(7): 1605-1614. doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2022.02.12

多塘湿地对降雨径流的截留特点

doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2022.02.12
基金项目: 云南省科技厅科技计划项目(No.2018BC001);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(No.2017ZX07401003)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    李丹(1989-),女,江苏扬州人,讲师,博士,主要从事流域水环境治理与修复与面源污染控制研究,lidan01@craes.org.cn

    通讯作者:

    储昭升(1973-),男,安徽安庆人,研究员,博士,主要从事湖泊水环境保护和治理研究,chuzs@craes.org.cn

  • 中图分类号: X524

Rainstorm Runoff Interception Characteristics of Multi-Pond Constructed Wetland

Funds: Science and Technology Plan Project of Yunnan Science and Technology Department, China (No.2018BC001);National Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment, China (No.2017ZX07401003)
  • 摘要: 为考察降雨过程对径流发生的影响及其对多塘湿地进出水水质、水量的影响,基于2017年8月25日和9月6日两次降雨过程中湿地进出水水质水量长时间的变化特征,探究降雨过程中湿地水质水量变化及污染物净化特征. 结果表明:①多塘湿地进水量峰值出现的时间滞后于降雨雨强峰值及累计雨量峰值. 降雨雨强对湿地进水量影响不显著,而累计雨量影响径流的产生量,进而影响湿地进水量,造成湿地水力负荷急剧上升,最高达2.45 m3/(m2·d). 降雨过程中多塘湿地水位上升,水深加深,有效容积增大,水力停留时间延长. ②进水水质变化随降雨过程无显著规律,但进水污染物负荷量始终大于非降雨期,说明降雨期间径流污染仅采用污染物浓度洪峰控制是不充分的,特别是雨季降雨频繁的地区,应重视污染负荷对多塘湿地净化效能的影响. ③降雨期间多塘湿地对径流污染有良好的截留作用,TN、TP去除率分别为33.6%~88.7%和25.2%~78.0%. 研究显示,进水水力负荷的增加增强了湿地的扰动,导致部分单元污染物出口浓度高于进水,但由于调蓄塘-表流湿地-塘-生态浮床-稳定塘耦合工艺的梯级单元有助于湿地系统对污染物消纳截留,增强了湿地对降雨径流的截留稳定性.

     

  • 图  1  小邑庄生态浮床多塘湿地平面布置示意

    Figure  1.  General layout of Xiaoyizhuang multi-pond constructed wetland combination with ecological floating bed

    图  2  8月25日和9月6日两次降雨过程中累计雨量、雨强和进出水水量随时间的变化特征

    Figure  2.  Variation in characteristics of accumulated amount of rainfall, rainfall intensity, the amount of influent and effluent over time during the two rainfall processes on August 25th and September 6th

    图  3  8月25日和9月6日两次降雨过程中水力负荷和水力停留时间随时间的变化特征

    Figure  3.  Variation in characteristics of hydraulic load and residence time over time during the two rainfall processes on August 25th and September 6th

    图  4  8月25日和9月6日两次降雨过程中进出水氮磷浓度随时间变化特征

    Figure  4.  Variation in characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus concentration in the influent and effluent over time during the two rainfall processes on August 25th and September 6th

    图  5  8月25日和9月6日两次降雨过程中进水TN和TP负荷量随时间的变化特征

    Figure  5.  Variation in characteristics of influent TN and TP mass load over time during the two rainfall processes on August 25th and September 6th

    图  6  8月25日和9月6日两次降雨过程中每单元TN和TP浓度随流程的变化特征

    注:流程0~40 m为多塘湿地1级单元,流程40~70 m为多塘湿地2级单元,流程70~102 m为多塘湿地3级单元,流程102~135 m为多塘湿地4级单元,流程135~170 m为多塘湿地5级单元,流程170~190 m为多塘湿地6级单元,流程190~220 m为多塘湿地7级单元,流程220~255 m为多塘湿地8级单元,流程255~297 m为多塘湿地9级单元.

    Figure  6.  Distribution characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus concentration in per unit along the flow path during the rainfall on August 25th and September 6th

    图  7  8月25日和9月6日两次降雨过程中氮磷去除率和去除量随时间的变化特征

    Figure  7.  Distribution characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency and mass removal over time during the two rainfall processes on August 25th and September 6th

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  • 收稿日期:  2021-09-24
  • 修回日期:  2021-12-31

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