基于EEM-PARAFAC解析厌氧生物滤池对城市污染河流中DOM的转化特性

杨垒; 李晓彤; 任勇翔; 刘志逸; 郭盾; 梁庆凯; 邵亚辉; 郭淋凯

doi:10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2022.02.22

基于EEM-PARAFAC解析厌氧生物滤池对城市污染河流中DOM的转化特性

doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2022.02.22

杨垒^{1, 2,},
李晓彤^{1, 2},
任勇翔^{1, 2, ,},
刘志逸³,
郭盾^{1, 2},
梁庆凯^{1, 2},
邵亚辉^{1, 2},
郭淋凯^{1, 2}

1.
西安建筑科技大学，陕西省环境工程重点实验室，陕西西安　710055
2.
西安建筑科技大学，西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室，陕西西安　710055
3.
西安市政设计研究院有限公司，陕西西安　710068

基金项目: 陕西省重点研发计划项目(No.2019ZDLSF06-06)；国家自然科学基金项目(No.51878537)

详细信息

作者简介:
杨垒（1988-），男，陕西西安人，讲师，博士，主要从事污水生物处理理论与技术研究，yangleixauat@126.com

通讯作者:
任勇翔(1968-)，男，陕西铜川人，教授，博士，主要从事污水生物处理理论与技术研究，ryx@xauat.edu.cn

中图分类号: X703
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-26
- 修回日期: 2022-02-17

Analysis of DOM Transformation in Polluted Urban Rivers by Anaerobic Biofilter Based on EEM-PARAFAC

YANG Lei^{1, 2
,},
LI Xiaotong^{1, 2},
REN Yongxiang^{1, 2
, ,},
LIU Zhiyi³,
GUO Dun^{1, 2},
LIANG Qingkai^{1, 2},
SHAO Yahui^{1, 2},
GUO Linkai^{1, 2}

1.
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi′an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi′an 710055, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi′an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi′an 710055, China
3.
Xi′an Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Xi′an 710068, China

Funds: Key Research and Development Project of Shaanxi Province, China (No.2019ZDLSF06-06); National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51878537)

摘要

摘要: 为探究厌氧生物滤池(AF)处理城市污染河流的最佳工况和运行效能，以新河河水为研究对象，运用三维荧光光谱结合平行因子法(EEM-PARAFAC)，研究AF中试试验系统在不同水力停留时间(HRT)及温度条件下对溶解性有机物(DOM)的转化特性. 结果表明：①河水中DOM主要包含3种荧光组分，其中，C1为类腐殖质物质，C2为类蛋白物质，C3为类腐殖质物质，类蛋白和类腐殖质物质平均占比分别为53.45%和46.55%. ②AF运行稳定后COD平均去除率为30.75%，出水UV₂₅₄降低19.80%；荧光组分分析表明，DOM的降低主要归因于C2和C3的有效转化，且提高温度和HRT有助于DOM的进一步降低. ③UV₂₅₄和<10 kDa的DOM沿程逐步减小，3~10 kDa和<3 kDa的DOM去除率分别为64.29%和22.81%；沿程出水三维荧光光谱显示，AF前端微生物活性较高，C1和C3变化较小，C2先升高后逐步下降，最终出水DOM总荧光强度出现明显的降低，表明AF第1级滤层是DOM去除和转化的主要区域. 研究显示，常温且HRT=24 h工况下，AF能够在一定程度上将难降解有机物转化为易降解有机物，有效去除城市污染河流中的DOM，可作为处理城市污染河流的潜在预处理手段.
- 城市污染河流 /
- 厌氧生物滤池 /
- 溶解性有机物(DOM) /
- 三维荧光光谱 /
- 平行因子法
Abstract: In order to explore the optimal operating conditions and performance of anaerobic biofilters (AF) for treating polluted urban rivers (Xin River), the transformation characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in a pilot-scale AF at different hydraulic retention time (HRT) and temperatures were studied by using three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC). The results showed that: (1) DOM in the Xin River mainly contained three fluorescent components (C1, C2, C3), corresponding to humus-like, protein-like and humus-like substance, respectively. Protein-like and humus-like substances accounted for 53.45% and 46.55%, respectively. (2) When the AF was stable, 30.75% COD and 19.80% UV₂₅₄ were removed. Also, the analysis of fluorescent components indicated that the effective removal of C2 and C3 contributed to the transformation of DOM, and the increase of temperature and HRT increased the removal of DOM. (3) UV₂₅₄ and DOM with molecular weight <10 kDa gradually decreased along the filter. The removal rates of DOM with molecular weights 3-10 kDa and <3 kDa were 64.29% and 22.81%, respectively. Moreover, three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum of the effluent along the filter indicated that the microbial activities in the front of AF was higher. C1 and C3 changed slightly, C2 increased at first and then decreased gradually, the fluorescence intensity of DOM in the final effluent decreased significantly. It further demonstrated that DOM removal occurred mainly in the first filter layer of AF. In summary, AF could convert refractory organic matter into easily degradable organic matter and effectively remove DOM in polluted urban rivers under normal temperature and HRT=24 h, and could be used as an effective potential pretreatment to treat polluted urban river.
- urban polluted river /
- anaerobic biofilter /
- dissolved organic matter (DOM) /
- three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum /
- parallel factor analysis

HTML全文

图 1 厌氧生物滤池(AF)中试装置示意

注：1~11表示取样口编号.

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of pilot-scale AF

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图 2 基于PARAFAC解析的3个荧光组分及各荧光区域组分占比

Figure 2. Fluorescence spectra of three components identified by PARAFAC model and component proportion of each fluorescence region

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图 3 各工况下进出水COD浓度和UV₂₅₄的变化

Figure 3. Variations of COD concentration and UV₂₅₄ in influent and effluent under different operating conditions

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图 4 各工况下各荧光组分进出水荧光强度的变化

Figure 4. Variations of fluorescence intensity of each component in influent and effluent under different operating conditions

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图 5 不同HRT下各取样口出水COD浓度和UV₂₅₄的变化

Figure 5. Variations of COD concentration and UV₂₅₄ in effluent from each sample tap under different HRT

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图 6 HRT为24 h下各取样口出水三维荧光光谱及各荧光组分的变化情况

Figure 6. 3-D fluorescence spectra of the effluent and variations of the fluorescence components in the effluent from each sample tap at HRT=24 h

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图 7 HRT为24 h下AF出水各分子量范围DOM的UV₂₅₄和组分占比变化

Figure 7. Variations of UV₂₅₄ and fraction in each molecular weight DOM of AF effluent at HRT=24 h

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表 1 AF不同运行工况参数

Table 1. Parameters of AF under different operating conditions

工况条件	运行温度/ ℃	流量/ (m³/h)	水力负荷/ [m³/(m²·d)]	水力停留时间/h	运行阶段
工况0	25~35	0.06	1.09	24	启动阶段
工况1	15~30	0.06	1.09	24	常温运行阶段
工况2	15~30	0.09	1.63	16
工况3	15~30	0.19	3.45	8
工况4	15~30	0.37	6.71	4
工况5	15~30	0.74	13.49	2
工况6	5~15	0.06	1.09	24	低温运行阶段
工况7	5~15	0.09	1.63	16
工况8	5~15	0.19	3.45	8
工况9	5~15	0.37	6.71	4
工况10	5~15	0.74	13.49	2

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表 2 不同运行阶段的进水水质条件

Table 2. Water quality of influent in different operation periods

运行阶段	温度/℃	pH	DO浓度/ (mg/L)	浊度/ NTU	COD_Cr浓度/ (mg/L)	NH₄⁺-N浓度/ (mg/L)	NO₂⁻-N浓度/ (mg/L)	NO₃⁻-N浓度/ (mg/L)	TN浓度/ (mg/L)
常温	15~30	7.56~7.87	3.77~5.23	1.5~235.3	32.56~194.92	0.85~5.35	0.30~1.33	3.31~11.21	10.33~16.99
低温	5~15	7.22~7.88	4.02~5.78	8.3~109.2	30.98~152.82	2.46~5.45	0.58~0.95	5.75~12.91	12.33~17.94

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表 3 新河河水3个荧光组分的特征

Table 3. Characteristics of three fluorescent components in water of Xin River

组分	λ_Ex/λ_Em	表征物质	其他研究对应波长
C1	240(300) nm/400 nm	类富里酸(类腐殖质)	250(310) nm/425 nm^[23]
C2	235(280) nm/344 nm	类色氨酸(类蛋白)	220~230(280) nm/320~336 nm^[25]
C3	255(360) nm/450 nm	类腐殖酸(类腐殖质)	270(380) nm/450 nm^[23]

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