鄂尔多斯市防风固沙功能时空变化及驱动因素分析

马苏; 刘军会; 康玉麟; 刘洋; 郑颖娟; 周甲男

doi:10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2022.09.12

鄂尔多斯市防风固沙功能时空变化及驱动因素分析

doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2022.09.12

中国环境科学研究院环境信息研究所，北京　100012

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(No.2016YFB0501505)

详细信息

作者简介:
马苏（1986-），女，河北衡水人，助理研究员，硕士，主要从事生态环境变化研究，ma.su@craes.org.cn

通讯作者:
刘军会(1976-)，男，河北保定人，研究员，博士，主要从事生态遥感与全球变化研究，liujh@craes.org.cn

中图分类号: X901
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-20
- 修回日期: 2022-09-19
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-19

Spatio-Temporal Changes of Sand-Fixing Function and Its Driving Factors in the Ordos

Institute of Environmental Information, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China

Funds: National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2016YFB0501505)

摘要

摘要: 鄂尔多斯市是京津风沙源治理的重点区域，其防风固沙功能提升对于筑牢北方生态屏障和维护环京津地区的环境安全具有重要意义. 本文基于长时间序列卫星遥感影像以及气象、植被、土壤等数据资料，采用修正的风蚀模型(RWEQ)，评估了鄂尔多斯市防风固沙功能，揭示了防风固沙功能时空变化规律及驱动因素. 结果表明：①2018年鄂尔多斯市防风固沙量为95.07×10⁸ t，单位面积防风固沙量为10.95×10⁴ t/km²，高值区主要位于东部和北部，整体上呈现自东向西递减的趋势. ②2000—2018年，鄂尔多斯市防风固沙功能呈增加趋势，年均增长率为26.96%；空间上，其防风固沙功能明显提升区域主要位于准格尔旗和乌审旗的东南部，面积占比为54.89%；稳定区域位于杭锦旗、鄂托克旗、伊金霍洛旗的部分区域，面积占比为29.76%；降低区域位于杭锦旗北部和鄂托克旗西部，面积占比为15.33%. ③鄂尔多斯市防风固沙功能变化与降雨量和土地利用类型的面积占比均呈显著相关. 研究显示，长期生态保护修复显著提升了鄂尔多斯市防风固沙功能，但由于气候变化和人类活动影响仍存在功能退化区域，未来科学实施生态修复是筑牢鄂尔多斯市生态屏障的主要方向.
- 防风固沙功能 /
- 修正的风蚀模型(RWEQ) /
- 时空变化 /
- 驱动因素 /
- 鄂尔多斯市
Abstract: Ordos is a key area for controlling sandstorm sources in Beijing and Tianjin. The improvement of wind-breaking and sand-fixation (WBSF) function is of great importance for building a strong ecological security barrier and maintaining environmental safety. In this study, based on long-term series remote sensing data, meteorological data, vegetation, and land use data, we simulated the spatio-temporal change of WBSF function in Ordos from 2000 to 2018 using the modified wind erosion model (RWEQ), and revealed the driving effect of the WBSF function. The results showed that: (1) In 2018, the total amount of WBSF was 95.07×10⁸ t, and the average quantity per unit area was 10.95×10⁴ t/km². The WBSF function showed a gradually decreasing trend from east to west. (2) From 2000 to 2018, the WBSF function in Ordos showed an increasing trend, the average annual change rate was 26.96%. About 54.89% area, where WBSF improved significantly, was mainly located in the southeast of Jungar Banner and Uxin Banner; 29.76% was stable area, and was located in some areas of Hanggin Banner, Otog Banner and the Ejin Horo Banner; while 15.33% area, where WBSF decreased, was located in the Kubuzi desert and western Otog Banner. (3) The change of the WBSF function was significantly correlated with rainfall and land use. The findings suggest that long-term ecological protection and restoration projects have significantly improved the WBSF function. However, due to the influence of climate change and human activities, there are still functional degradation areas. In the future, scientific implementation of ecological restoration in the future appears to be the main direction for building the ecological security barrier in Ordos.
- wind-breaking and sand-fixation (WBSF) function /
- revised wind erosion equation (RWEQ) /
- spatio-temporal change /
- driving force /
- Ordos

HTML全文

图 1 鄂尔多斯市的地理位置示意

Figure 1. The location of Ordos

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图 2 2018年鄂尔多斯市防风固沙功能的空间分布

Figure 2. Spatial pattern of wind-breaking and sand-fixing function in the Ordos in 2018

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 2000—2018年鄂尔多斯市防风固沙功能的变化

Figure 3. Annual changes of wind-breaking and sand-fixing function in Ordos from 2000 to 2018

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 鄂尔多斯市2000—2018年防风固沙功能的空间分布

Figure 4. The spatial distribution pattern of wind-breaking and sand-fixation function in Ordos from 2000 to 2018

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图 5 2000—2018年鄂尔多斯市防风固沙功能和降雨量的变化

Figure 5. Annual changes of rainfall and WBSF function in Ordos from 2000 to 2018

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图 6 鄂尔多斯市降雨量与防风固沙功能相关系数的空间分布

Figure 6. The Spatial pattern of correlation coefficients between rainfall and WBSF function in Ordos

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 2000—2018年鄂尔多斯市土地利用类型和防风固沙功能的空间变化

Figure 7. The spatial change of land use and WBSF function in Ordos from 2000 to 2018

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表 1 鄂尔多斯市2000—2018年土地利用类型转移矩阵

Table 1. Transferring matrix of land use type in Ordos from 2000 to 2018 km²

2000年	2018年
2000年	耕地	林地	草地	湿地	建设用地	未利用地	沙地
耕地	2 005	161	1 658	178	330	66	138
林地	95	523	663	32	96	36	231
草地	1 583	777	44 031	414	1 120	643	4 350
湿地	199	29	520	1 047	73	141	105
建设用地	193	29	235	12	304	17	28
未利用地	115	63	1 092	164	53	1 703	183
沙地	251	279	5 483	125	182	109	14 976

下载: 导出CSV

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