留言板

尊敬的读者、作者、审稿人, 关于本刊的投稿、审稿、编辑和出版的任何问题, 您可以本页添加留言。我们将尽快给您答复。谢谢您的支持!

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

我国建设用地土壤环境标准体系发展与建议

张昊 杜平 李艾阳 陈娟 张云慧 李敏 王海燕 张海燕

张昊, 杜平, 李艾阳, 陈娟, 张云慧, 李敏, 王海燕, 张海燕. 我国建设用地土壤环境标准体系发展与建议[J]. 环境科学研究, 2023, 36(1): 1-8. doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2022.11.01
引用本文: 张昊, 杜平, 李艾阳, 陈娟, 张云慧, 李敏, 王海燕, 张海燕. 我国建设用地土壤环境标准体系发展与建议[J]. 环境科学研究, 2023, 36(1): 1-8. doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2022.11.01
ZHANG Hao, DU Ping, LI Aiyang, CHEN Juan, ZHANG Yunhui, LI Min, WANG Haiyan, ZHANG Haiyan. Development and Suggestion of Soil Environmental Standard System of Construction Land in China[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2023, 36(1): 1-8. doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2022.11.01
Citation: ZHANG Hao, DU Ping, LI Aiyang, CHEN Juan, ZHANG Yunhui, LI Min, WANG Haiyan, ZHANG Haiyan. Development and Suggestion of Soil Environmental Standard System of Construction Land in China[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2023, 36(1): 1-8. doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2022.11.01

我国建设用地土壤环境标准体系发展与建议

doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2022.11.01
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(No.2020YFC1806300)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    张昊(1990-),男,辽宁开原人,博士,主要从事生态环境污染修复治理研究,zhanghao@tcare-mee.cn

    通讯作者:

    ①王海燕(1976-),女,辽宁沈阳人,研究员,博士,主要从事生态环境标准研究,wanghaiyan@craes.org.cn

    ②张海燕(1982-),女,河北赤城人,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事环境规划研究,zhy982@126.com

  • 中图分类号: X53

Development and Suggestion of Soil Environmental Standard System of Construction Land in China

Funds: National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2020YFC1806300)
  • 摘要: 我国建设用地土壤环境标准体系先后经历了污染控制标准、环境质量标准、环境风险管控标准等发展阶段,已形成一套具有我国国情特色的成熟标准体系框架. 为探究过去30余年相关标准的发展与演变特征,以200余项国家、行业、地方及团体标准文件作为研究对象,对比分析国内外标准制定现状,重点分析得出现阶段标准制定的领域热点,提出了适合我国土壤环境标准体系的完善方案和发展方向. 结果表明,目前土壤污染物的检验方法是最主要的土壤环境标准文件类型,分光光度法是最主要的污染物测试方法. 未来发展任务可从开发污染地块精细化和本土化的风险评估模型、健全土壤环境基准研究、完善风险调查检测评估与防治相关技术规范等方面进行,切实为我国土壤环境标准体系的优化完善提供重要的方法基础,为深入打好净土保卫战提供坚实的技术支撑.

     

  • 图  1  我国建设用地土壤环境标准体系框架

    Figure  1.  Framework of soil environment standard system of construction land in China

    图  2  我国建设用地土壤环境国家标准、行业标准及地方标准文件内容分析

    Figure  2.  Analysis on the contents of national, trade and local soil environmental standards of construction land in China

    图  3  我国建设用地土壤环境国家标准、行业标准、地方标准发布数量

    Figure  3.  The number in soil environment of construction land of national, trade and local standards in China

    表  1  我国建设用地土壤环境相关团体标准

    Table  1.   Summary of the group standards in soil environment of construction land in China

    名称标准号团体名称标准类型
    《区域尺度地块土壤环境风险协同管控指南》 T/ACEF 032—2022 中华环保联合会 指导规范
    《焦化污染地块修复技术验证评价技术规范》 T/CPCIF 0197—2022 中国石油和化学工业联合会 指导规范
    《焦化污染地块风险管控与修复效果评估技术规范》 T/CPCIF 0198—2022 中国石油和化学工业联合会 指导规范
    《土壤地下水修复异味控制剂生产制备 技术指南(试行)》 T/GIA 008—2022 中关村中环地下水污染防控与修复产业联盟 指导规范
    《农药污染地块土壤异味物质识别技术指南》 T/ACEF 027—2021 中华环保联合会 指导规范
    《建设用地土壤重金属污染风险管控评估标准》 T/CGDF 00001—2021 中国生物多样性保护与绿色发展基金会 标准要求
    《污染地块绿色可持续修复通则》 T/CAEPI 26—2020 中国环境保护产业协会 指导规范
    《污染地块勘探技术指南》 T/CAEPI 14—2018 中国环境保护产业协会 指导规范
    下载: 导出CSV
  • [1] 生态环境部.中国生态环境状况公报(2021年)[R].北京:生态环境部,2022.
    [2] AMUNDSON R,BERHE A A,HOPMANS J W,et al.Soil and human security in the 21st century[J].Science,2015,348(6235):1261071. doi: 10.1126/science.1261071
    [3] QU C S,SHI W,GUO J,et al.China's soil pollution control:choices and challenges[J].Environmental Science & Technology,2016,50(24):13181-13183.
    [4] 中华人民共和国国务院.国务院关于印发土壤污染防治行动计划的通知(国发[2016]31号)[R].北京:国务院,2016.
    [5] 环境保护部.污染地块土壤环境管理办法(试行)(部令[2016]42号)[R].北京:环境保护部,2016.
    [6] 环境保护部,农业部.农用地土壤环境管理办法(试行)(部令[2017]46号)[R].北京:环境保护部,2017.
    [7] 生态环境部.工矿用地土壤环境管理办法(试行)(部令[2018] 3号)[R].北京:生态环境部,2018.
    [8] 全国人大常委会办公厅.中华人民共和国土壤污染防治法[R].北京:中国民主法制出版社,2019.
    [9] 龚宇阳.国际经验综述:污染场地管理政策与法规框架.可持续发展-东亚及太平洋地区研究报告[R].华盛顿:世界银行,2010.
    [10] JENNINGS A A,LI Z J.Worldwide regulatory guidance values applied to direct contact surface soil pesticide contamination.part I:carcinogenic pesticides[J].Air,Soil and Water Research,2017,10:117862211771193.
    [11] PROVOOST J,CORNELIS C,SWARTJES F.Comparison of soil clean-up standards for trace elements between countries:why do they differ?[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2006,6(3):173-181. doi: 10.1065/jss2006.07.169
    [12] 刘阳生,李书鹏,邢轶兰,等.2019年土壤修复行业发展评述及展望[J].中国环保产业,2020(3):26-30.

    LIU Y S,LI S P,XING Y L,et al.Review and prospect of the development of soil remediation industry in 2019[J].China Environmental Protection Industry,2020(3):26-30.
    [13] 李敏,李琴,赵丽娜,等.我国土壤环境标准体系优化研究与建议[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(12):1799-1810.

    LI M,LI Q,ZHAO L N,et al.Optimizing the soil environmental protection standard system and suggestions[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2016,29(12):1799-1810.
    [14] 吴颐杭,杨书慧,刘奇缘,等.荷兰人体健康土壤环境基准与标准研究及其对我国的启示[J].环境科学研究,2022,35(1):265-275.

    WU Y H,YANG S H,LIU Q Y,et al.Research on soil environmental criteria and standards for human health in the Netherlands and its enlightenment to China[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2022,35(1):265-275.
    [15] 孙宁,马睿,朱文会,等.我国土壤环境管理政策制度分析及发展趋势[J].中国环境管理,2016,8(5):50-56.

    SUN N,MA R,ZHU W H,et al.Analysis of environmental management policy system for soil pollution prevention and its development trend in China[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Management,2016,8(5):50-56.
    [16] 牛善朋,王育才.我国耕地土壤污染防治立法缺失与法律制度创新[J].陕西农业科学,2017,63(10):82-84.
    [17] 郭紫光.我国土壤环境管理存在的问题及污染防治对策[J].化工管理,2017(34):120.
    [18] 陈卫平,谢天,李笑诺,等.中国土壤污染防治技术体系建设思考[J].土壤学报,2018,55(3):557-568.

    CHEN W P,XIE T,LI X N,et al.Thinking of construction of soil pollution prevention and control technology system in China[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2018,55(3):557-568.
    [19] 刘瑞平,宋志晓,崔轩,等.我国土壤环境管理政策进展与展望[J].中国环境管理,2021,13(5):93-100.

    LIU R P,SONG Z X,CUI X,et al.Progress and prospect of soil environmental management policy in China[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Management,2021,13(5):93-100.
    [20] US Environmental Protection Agency.Soil screening guidance:user ′s guide[R].Washington DC:US Environmental Protection Agency,1996.
    [21] International Association for Testing Materials (ASTM International).Standard guide for risk-based corrective action applied at petroleum release sites[S].West Conshohocken:ASTM International,2015.
    [22] International Association for Testing Materials (ASTM International).Standard guide for risk-based corrective action[S].West Conshohocken:ASTM International,2000.
    [23] CCME.Canadian soil quality guidelines for the protection of environmental and human health:dioxins and furans[R].Winnipeg:CCME,2002.
    [24] Environmental Agency.Using soil guideline values[R].Bristol:Environmental Agency,2009.
    [25] National Environment Protection Council (NEPC).Schedule B1 guideline on investigation levels for soils and groundwater[R].Canberra:NEPC,2013.
    [26] 于靖靖,梁田,罗会龙,等.近10年来我国污染场地再利用的案例分析与环境管理意义[J].环境科学研究,2022,35(5):1110-1119.

    YU J J,LIANG T,LUO H L,et al.Case analysis and environmental management significance of contaminated site reuse in China from 2011 to 2021[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2022,35(5):1110-1119.
    [27] SUN Y M,LI H,GUO G L,et al.Soil contamination in China:current priorities,defining background levels and standards for heavy metals[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2019,251:109512. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109512
    [28] 周友亚,姜林,张超艳,等.我国污染场地风险评估发展历程概述[J].环境保护,2019,47(8):34-38.

    ZHOU Y Y,JIANG L,ZHANG C Y,et al.Development of risk assessment of contaminated sites in China[J].Environmental Protection,2019,47(8):34-38.
    [29] 姜林,钟茂生,张丽娜,等.基于风险的中国污染场地管理体系研究[J].环境污染与防治,2014,36(8):1-10.

    JIANG L,ZHONG M S,ZHANG L N,et al.Establishing a risk based framework for contaminated site management in China[J].Environmental Pollution & Control,2014,36(8):1-10.
    [30] 骆永明,滕应.我国土壤污染的区域差异与分区治理修复策略[J].中国科学院院刊,2018,33(2):145-152.

    LUO Y M,TENG Y.Regional difference in soil pollution and strategy of soil zonal governance and remediation in China[J].Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2018,33(2):145-152.
    [31] 国家环境保护总局.工业企业土壤环境质量风险评价基准:HJ/T 25—1999[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2004.
    [32] 环境保护部.展览会用地土壤环境质量评价标准:HJ/T 350—2007[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2007.
    [33] 张红振,骆永明,夏家淇,等.基于风险的土壤环境质量标准国际比较与启示[J].环境科学,2011,32(3):795-802.

    ZHANG H Z,LUO Y M,XIA J Q,et al.Some thoughts of the comparison of risk based soil environmental standards between different countries[J].Environmental Science,2011,32(3):795-802.
    [34] XU Q Y,SHI Y J,QIAN L,et al.Tiered ecological risk assessment combined with ecological scenarios for soil in abandoned industrial contaminated sites[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2022,341:130879. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130879
    [35] 李勖之,姜瑢,孙丽,等.不同国家土壤生态筛选值比较与启示[J].环境化学,2022,41(3):1001-1010.

    LI X Z,JIANG R,SUN L,et al.Ecological soil screening values among different countries and implication for China[J].Environmental Chemistry,2022,41(3):1001-1010.
    [36] 贾琳,武雪芳,胡茂桂.制定我国污染场地土壤筛选值的建议[J].土壤,2015,47(4):740-745.

    JIA L,WU X F,HU M G.Proposal on establishing soil screening levels of contaminated sites in China[J].Soils,2015,47(4):740-745.
    [37] 生态环境部,国家市场监督管理总局.土壤环境质量 建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行):GB 36600—2018[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2018.
    [38] ZHANG H,LI A Y,WEI Y Q,et al.Development of a new methodology for multifaceted assessment,analysis,and characterization of soil contamination[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2022,438:129542. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129542
    [39] 田一茗,孟美杉,孙杰夫.关于我国土壤环境质量监测的发展历程、思考与建议[J].环境与可持续发展,2021,46(6):75-81.

    TIAN Y M,MENG M S,SUN J F.Development,thoughts and suggestions on soil environmental quality monitoring in China[J].Environment and Sustainable Development,2021,46(6):75-81.
    [40] 马瑾.世界主要发达国家土壤环境基准与标准理论方法研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2021.
    [41] 王效举,赵琦慧,李法云.日本土壤污染及其治理对策[J].应用技术学报,2021,21(4):317-325.

    WANG X J,ZHAO Q H,LI F Y.Soil pollution in Japan and its controlling countermeasures[J].Journal of Technology,2021,21(4):317-325.
    [42] 张丽娜,姜林,贾晓洋,等.地下水修复的技术不可达性及美国管理对策对我国的启示[J].环境科学研究,2022,35(5):1120-1130.

    ZHANG L N,JIANG L,JIA X Y,et al.Technical impracticability of groundwater remediation and management countermeasures in the USA and lessons learned for China[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2022,35(5):1120-1130.
    [43] 王超,李辉林,胡清,等.我国土壤环境的风险评估技术分析与展望[J].生态毒理学报,2021,16(1):28-42.

    WANG C,LI H L,HU Q,et al.Analysis and prospects on soil environmental risk assessment technology in China[J].Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology,2021,16(1):28-42.
    [44] 姜林,樊艳玲,钟茂生,等.我国污染场地管理技术标准体系探讨[J].环境保护,2017,45(9):38-43.

    JIANG L,FAN Y L,ZHONG M S,et al.Environmental technical standards system for contaminated site manangement in China[J].Environmental Protection,2017,45(9):38-43.
    [45] 李芸.上海市污染土壤环境质量评价标准体系构建之探讨[J].环境污染与防治,2014,36(7):92-96. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3865.2014.07.020

    LI Y.Discussion of establishment of contaminated urban soil quality evaluation standard system in Shanghai[J].Environmental Pollution & Control,2014,36(7):92-96. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3865.2014.07.020
    [46] 崔轩,刘瑞平,季国华,等.建设用地土壤污染风险管控和修复名录制度的实践[J].环境保护,2021,49(23):51-56. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-9705.2021.23.hjbh202123013

    CUI X,LIU R P,JI G H,et al.Practice in the catalogue system for soil pollution risk control and restoration of construction land[J].Environmental Protection,2021,49(23):51-56. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-9705.2021.23.hjbh202123013
    [47] 姜林,梁竞,钟茂生,等.复杂污染场地的风险管理挑战及应对[J].环境科学研究,2021,34(2):458-467.

    JIANG L,LIANG J,ZHONG M S,et al.Challenges and response to risk management of complex contaminated sites[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2021,34(2):458-467.
    [48] 席北斗,李娟,汪洋,等.京津冀地区地下水污染防治现状、问题及科技发展对策[J].环境科学研究,2019,32(1):1-9.

    XI B D,LI J,WANG Y,et al.Strengthening the innovation capability of groundwater science and technology to support the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region:status quo,problems and goals[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2019,32(1):1-9.
    [49] 卢军,伍斌,谷庆宝.美国污染场地管理历程及对中国的启示:基于风险的可持续管理[J].环境保护,2017,45(24):65-70.

    LU J,WU B,GU Q B.Experiences in the management of contaminated sites in the United States and lessons learned for China:risk-based sustainable management[J].Environmental Protection,2017,45(24):65-70.
    [50] 张丽娜,姜林,钟茂生,等.基于用地规划的大型污染场地健康风险评估[J].环境科学研究,2015,28(5):788-795.

    ZHANG L,JIANG L,ZHONG M,et al.Risk assessment based on planning scenarios for a large-scale contaminated site[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2015,28(5):788-795.
    [51] 吴运金,周艳,杨敏,等.国内外土壤环境背景值应用现状分析及对策建议[J].生态与农村环境学报,2021,37(12):1524-1531.

    WU Y J,ZHOU Y,YANG M,et al.Analysis of the applies of soil environmental background value at home and abroad and suggestions on countermeasures[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2021,37(12):1524-1531.
    [52] LI Z J.Regulation of pesticide soil standards for protecting human health based on multiple uses of residential soil[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2021,297:113369. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113369
    [53] 中华人民共和国国务院.国务院办公厅关于印发新污染物治理行动方案的通知(国办发[2022]15号)[R].北京:国务院办公厅,2022.
    [54] LIU Y F,MA L,YANG Q,et al.Occurrence and spatial distribution of perfluorinated compounds in groundwater receiving reclaimed water through river bank infiltration[J].Chemosphere,2018,211:1203-1211. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.08.028
    [55] BRUSSEAU M L,ANDERSON R H,GUO B.PFAS concentrations in soils:background levels versus contaminated sites[J].Science of the Total Environment,2020,740:140017. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140017
  • 加载中
图(3) / 表(1)
计量
  • 文章访问数:  359
  • HTML全文浏览量:  91
  • PDF下载量:  161
  • 被引次数: 0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-07-10
  • 修回日期:  2022-10-07

目录

    /

    返回文章
    返回