冬奥会期间潍坊市工业源大气污染物管理措施及效果评估

刘翰青; 陈建华; 高健; 李政; 李文君; 杨艳; 殷杭妃

doi:10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2023.01.04

冬奥会期间潍坊市工业源大气污染物管理措施及效果评估

doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2023.01.04

刘翰青^1,,
陈建华¹,
高健^1, ,,
李政¹,
李文君¹,
杨艳¹,
殷杭妃²

1.
中国环境科学研究院大气环境研究所，北京　100012
2.
河南天朗生态科技有限公司，河南郑州　450100

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(No.2022YFC3703400)

详细信息

作者简介:
刘翰青（1992-），男，山东潍坊人，工程师，硕士，主要从事大气污染监测研究，liuhanqing101@163.com

通讯作者:
高健(1979-)，男，山东潍坊人，研究员，博士，主要从事大气环境化学及污染机理研究，gaojian@craes.org.cn

中图分类号: X51
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-08
- 修回日期: 2023-01-09

Management Measures and Effect Evaluation of Industrial Air Pollutants in Weifang City During the Winter Olympics

1.
Institute of Atmospheric Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
2.
Henan Tianlang Ecological Technology Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450100, China

Funds: National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2022YFC3703400)

摘要

摘要: 为分析探究冬奥会期间(2022年1月30日—2月20日)工业源大气污染物排放特征和变化规律，基于潍坊352家安装在线连续监测系统(CEMS)企业的大气污染源排放数据以及150个环境空气质量监测站点数据，分析了冬奥会期间空气质量与污染物排放量的关系，以及不同行业、不同管理措施企业的落实情况与减排效果. 结果表明：①采用352家安装CEMS企业的大气污染源排放数据来评估工业源管理效果是可行的. ②冬奥会管理期工业企业烟粉尘、SO₂和NO_x排放削减量分别为11.04、95.96和249.92 t，削减率分别为25%、31%和27%，工业企业管理效果良好；环境PM_2.5、SO₂和NO₂浓度分别下降24%、11%和16%，空气质量改善明显. ③限产类和自主减排类企业污染物削减量占总削减量的比例接近90%，火力发电、钢铁等11个主要行业对所有行业总排放量削减贡献率为92%. ④停产类企业在管理期排放总量基本削减至0，限产类企业实际污染物削减率(23%~26%)与一般管理措施减排要求(20%~30%)基本吻合，企业管理措施落实到位. ⑤以生产余热承担居民供暖的钢铁企业建议通过减少烧结机污染物排放量达到相应的减排效果. 研究显示，潍坊市冬奥会期间工业源管理效果良好，企业CEMS数据可有效应用于工业源管理效果评估研究中.
- 冬奥会 /
- 连续在线监测系统(CEMS) /
- 工业源 /
- 管理措施 /
- 效果评估
Abstract: In order to analyze the emission characteristic and the change law of atmospheric pollutants from the industrial sources during the 24^th Winter Olympics, the online atmospheric pollution emission data of 352 industries from the Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS) and the ambient monitoring data from 150 sites in Weifang City were used. The relationship between air quality and pollutant emissions during the Winter Olympics (30^th January to 20^th February 2022), and the relationship between implementation and emission reduction effectiveness of different industries and management measures were investigated. The results show that it is feasible to evaluate the effect of the industrial source control by using the air pollution emission data of 352 enterprises with CEMS. During the management period, industrial dust, sulfur dioxide (SO₂), and nitrogen oxide (NO_x) emissions were reduced by 11.04 t (25%), 95.96 t (31%) and 249.92 t (27%), respectively, and the ambient concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), SO₂ and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) decreased by 24%, 11% and 16%, respectively. The management effect of the industrial sources was significant with an obvious improvement in air quality. The proportion of emission reductions from the limited-control and regardless-control industries accounted for nearly 90% of the total emission reduction, and 11 major pollution sectors, including thermal powerplants and iron-steel works, contributed 92% of the total reduction. During the management period, the emissions from the suspended enterprises were nearly 0, and the emissions from the limited enterprises were reduced by 23%-26%, which met the emission reduction requirements of general management measures (20%-30%). The management measures adopted by the enterprises were well implemented. It is suggested that iron-steel enterprises, which use waste heat from production to provide heating for residential heating, should achieve emission reductions by reducing the sintering machine emissions. The research showed that the management effect of the industrial sources was obvious during the Winter Olympics in Weifang City, and the CEMS data of enterprise was proved to be effective in the evaluation of the industrial source management effect.
- the Winter Olympic Game /
- continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS) /
- industrial source /
- management measures /
- effect evaluations

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图 1 潍坊市主要污染源排放贡献

Figure 1. Emission contribution of major pollution source in Weifang City

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 管理期潍坊市污染物排放削减量以及环境污染物浓度变化率的空间分布情况

注：削减量和变化率为管理期较管理前CEMS企业各污染物排放的削减量和空气污染物浓度的变化率，削减量负值代表削减，正值代表增加. 变化率负值代表污染物浓度下降，正值代表污染物浓度上升.

Figure 2. Space distribution between the concentration change ratio of contaminant of environment and the reduction of pollutant emission during management period in Weifang City

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图 3 潍坊市管理前及管理期不同阶段污染物削减量、PM_2.5浓度及风速

Figure 3. Relationship between the reduction of pollutant, concentration of PM_2.5 and wind speed in different stages before and during the management period

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图 4 管理期潍坊市不同一般管理措施类型企业、不同行业的削减贡献率

Figure 4. Contribution of emission reduction of industries in different types of general management measures and different sectors during management period

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图 5 不同时段潍坊市各类企业排放总量变化特征

Figure 5. The change characteristics of total emission from different types of industries in different period of time in Weifang City

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图 6 潍坊市管理期阶段1-0和阶段2-0各行业污染物削减率

Figure 6. Reduction ratio of pollutant from industries in different sectors during the period of phase 1-0 and 2-0 in Weifang City

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图 7 潍坊市典型余热供暖企业管理期第1~9天排放总量削减情况

Figure 7. Total emission reduction of typical enterprises which undertake the resident heating within 9 days since management period in Weifang City

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 潍坊市管理前和管理期特殊工况企业排放总量变化

Figure 8. Total emission changes of enterprises in special condition before and during management period in Weifang City

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表 1 潍坊市涉气工业企业的主要行业类型及一般管理措施

Table 1. The major types and general management measures for gas-related industries in Weifang City

一般管理措施类型	行业类型	一般管理措施(阶段1-0和阶段2-0)
停产类	炭素	停产
	铸造用生铁	停产
	其他停产类企业¹⁾	停产
限产类	钢铁	压减10%~30%的生产负荷(余热供暖企业根据供暖负荷决定压减比例)
	焦化	压减5%~25%的生产负荷(余热供暖企业根据供暖负荷决定压减比例)
	石化	压减20%~30%的生产负荷
	煤制氮肥	阶段1-0，压减30%的生产负荷；阶段2-0，自主减排
	燃煤锅炉	阶段1-0，压减20%~50%的产量或生产负荷；阶段2-0，自主减排
	其他限产类企业	压减20%~30%的生产负荷
自主减排类	火力发电	自主减排
	垃圾发电	自主减排
	供热站	自主减排
	燃气锅炉	自主减排
	其他自主减排类企业	自主减排
注：1)其他停产类企业包含农药、石灰窑等行业.

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 管理前潍坊市CEMS企业分行业污染物排放量

Table 2. Pollutant emissions of air pollutants in different sectors of CEMS industries before management period in Weifang City

一般管理措施类型	行业类型	SO₂排放量/t	NO_x排放量/t	烟粉尘排放量/t	排放总量/t
停产类	炭素	0.18	0.52	0.06	0.76
	铸造用生铁	0.11	0.35	0.05	0.51
	其他停产类企业	0.05	0.45	0.03	0.53
限产类	钢铁	1.84	3.76	0.55	6.15
	燃煤锅炉	1.36	6.13	0.12	7.61
	石化	0.47	2.37	0.09	2.93
	煤制氮肥	0.41	1.32	0.05	1.78
	焦化	0.35	0.68	0.04	1.07
	其他限产类企业	0.31	0.89	0.04	1.24
自主减排类	火力发电	7.17	18.54	0.75	26.46
	垃圾发电	0.95	4.07	0.08	5.10
	供热站	0.47	1.87	0.07	2.41
	燃气锅炉	0.23	0.85	0.06	1.14
	其他自主减排类企业	0.07	0.45	0.02	0.54
总计		13.97	42.25	2.01	58.23

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 管理前和管理期潍坊市空气质量与污染物排放量变化特征

Table 3. Variation features between air quality and pollutant emission before and during the management period in Weifang City

阶段	日均浓度/(μg/m³)			日均排放量/t
阶段	PM_2.5	SO₂	NO₂	烟粉尘	SO₂	NO_x	排放总量
管理前	71	18	31	2.01	13.97	42.25	58.23
管理期	54	16	26	1.51	9.58	30.89	41.99

下载: 导出CSV

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