综合硅藻指数的建立及在淡水生态评价中的应用
Establishment of Comprehensive Diatom Index and Application in Freshwater Ecological Assessment
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摘要: 硅藻在水生态系统中具有重要作用,具有分布广泛、繁殖周期短、对环境变化反应敏感等特点,被广泛应用于水体质量监测中。为了建立适用于我国水体生态评价的硅藻指数,2017年8月至2018年8月调查了长江下游主要湖泊和青弋江水系的着生硅藻群落结构及环境特征,使用Speraman 相关分析研究硅藻指数与环境因子的关系,使用箱形图分析硅藻指数的适用性。结果表明:① 通过研究长江下游主要湖泊和青弋江水系硅藻与环境因子的关系,确定了114种硅藻对对水体总磷、化学需氧量和总氮变化的值的最优值和耐受值及环境指示,建立了一个适用于河流和湖泊水体环境评价的综合硅藻指数(Comprehensive Diatom Index,CDI)。② Spearman相关分析显示无论在河流水体还是在湖泊水体中,综合硅藻指数(CDI)与主要的环境因子总磷、化学需氧量、总溶解固体及总氮等存在显著相关性。③ 箱形图结果显示CDI指数值在河流和湖泊中均呈现沿水质梯度的增加而变大的趋势,说明CDI指数可以很好的反应水体的环境质量。Abstract: Diatoms play an important role in aquatic ecosystem, and it is widely used in water quality monitoring because of its widely distribution, short reproductive cycle and sensitivity to environmental changes. In order to establish the diatom index suitable for the ecological evaluation of water in China, the community structure and environmental characteristics of diatom in the main lakes in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Qingyi River were investigated from August 2017 to August 2018. The relationship between diatom index and environmental factors was studied by Spearman correlation analysis, and the applicability of diatom index was analyzed by box-plot. The results showed that: (1) Based on the study of the relationship between diatoms and environmental factors in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Qingyi River Basin, the optimum and tolerant values of total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand and total nitrogen of 114 diatoms to the environment were determined. CDI Index was established for water environment assessment of lakes and rivers. (2) Spearman correlation analysis showed that the CDI index was significantly correlated with the main environmental factors such as total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids and total nitrogen in both rivers and lakes. (3) The Box-plot results show that the CDI index value increases gradually with the change of water quality gradient in both rivers and lakes, indicating CDI index can reflect the environmental quality of water.
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Key words:
- diatom indices /
- biological assessment /
- river /
- lake
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