Abstract: Per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are highly concerned organic pollutants. Electroplating industrial emission is one of the main sources. There are many rivers through the city in Shanghai, and there are several electroplating companies near to rivers, which could pose a potential hazard to surrounding surface waters. Therefore, 26 PFASs were selected and investigated the pollution characteristics in surface water adjacent electroplating companies in Shanghai. The concentration of ∑PFASs in surface water ranged from 93.3~1334 ng/L. Among them, the most seriously polluted sample came from a company in Jinshan district, where chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (F-53B) was the main pollutant with the concentration of 968 ng/L. The level of ∑PFASs of other samples were at comparative level with the concentration below 300 ng/L. On the whole, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was the major pollutant with an average concentration of 74.2 ng/L and a median concentration of 69.2 ng/L, respectively. The following pollutants were short chain C4~C6 perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and C4, C6 perfluorinated sulfonic acid (PFSAs). F-53B and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctane sulfonate (6:2) (6:2 FTS) were determined in a few samples at comparative high level, and F-53B showed positive correlation to PFHpS, PFOS, 6:2 FTS, which could release from similar scenario, such as chrome plating. Although perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) was prevalent in surface water, the concentration was lower than Perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS) and Perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS), with the average concentration of 5.89 ng/L; which showed PFOS should be partly substituted by the two alternatives. Spearman correlation analysis showed that PFBS and PFHxS were positively correlated with most PFCAs, indicating that highly relevant PFASs might come from similar sources. According to the analysis of the characteristics of pollution sources, the concentration of PFASs in surface water was polluted by electroplating industry, and surface treatment industry, secondary pollution of biodegradation of fluorinated precursor compounds and so on. The pollution level of PFASs in the surface water surrounding electroplating industry in Shanghai was comparative to those in the Pearl River Delta.