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土壤调理剂联合芽孢杆菌施用对水稻吸收镉砷的影响

王秋莹 苏天燕 陆问 于磊 穆莉 毛雪飞 杨秋 张治军 张冬明 刘文杰

王秋莹, 苏天燕, 陆问, 于磊, 穆莉, 毛雪飞, 杨秋, 张治军, 张冬明, 刘文杰. 土壤调理剂联合芽孢杆菌施用对水稻吸收镉砷的影响[J]. 环境科学研究, 2023, 36(10): 1988-1999. doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2023.08.10
引用本文: 王秋莹, 苏天燕, 陆问, 于磊, 穆莉, 毛雪飞, 杨秋, 张治军, 张冬明, 刘文杰. 土壤调理剂联合芽孢杆菌施用对水稻吸收镉砷的影响[J]. 环境科学研究, 2023, 36(10): 1988-1999. doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2023.08.10
WANG Qiuying, SU Tianyan, LU Wen, YU Lei, MU Li, MAO Xuefei, YANG Qiu, ZHANG Zhijun, ZHANG Dongming, LIU Wenjie. Effects of Soil Amendment Combined with Bacillus subtilis Application on Cadmium and Arsenic Uptake by Rice[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2023, 36(10): 1988-1999. doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2023.08.10
Citation: WANG Qiuying, SU Tianyan, LU Wen, YU Lei, MU Li, MAO Xuefei, YANG Qiu, ZHANG Zhijun, ZHANG Dongming, LIU Wenjie. Effects of Soil Amendment Combined with Bacillus subtilis Application on Cadmium and Arsenic Uptake by Rice[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2023, 36(10): 1988-1999. doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2023.08.10

土壤调理剂联合芽孢杆菌施用对水稻吸收镉砷的影响

doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2023.08.10
基金项目: 海南省重点研发计划项目(No.ZDYF2021XDNY185);海南省自然科学基金项目(No.321MS100)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    王秋莹(1997-),女,海南临高人,wangqiuying0409@163.com

    通讯作者:

    刘文杰(1981),男,湖北仙桃人,教授,博士,博导,主要从事土壤重金属污染修复、全球变化与土壤碳氮循环等研究,liuwj@hainanu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: X53

Effects of Soil Amendment Combined with Bacillus subtilis Application on Cadmium and Arsenic Uptake by Rice

Funds: Key Research and Development Project of Hainan Province, China (No.ZDYF2021XDNY185); Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province, China (No.321MS100)
  • 摘要: 矿区农田重金属污染严重影响生态环境质量和农产品安全,重金属污染治理修复研究是矿区农田土壤安全利用的前提. 为探究不同土壤调理剂联合芽孢杆菌施用对矿区土壤镉(Cd)和砷(As)的修复效果,采用田间小区试验的方法,设置对照处理(CK)、单一/复合施用芽孢杆菌(J)以及两种土壤调理剂(氧化钙镁肥,D1;硅钙镁钾肥,D2)共8个处理(CK、J、D1、D2、J+D1、J+D2、D1+D2和J+D1+D2),分析不同处理对土壤化学性质、土壤有效态Cd和As含量、水稻产量以及水稻各部分Cd和As含量的影响. 结果表明:①除菌剂外,单一/复合施用两种土壤调理剂能提高土壤pH,对比CK处理,其余处理组均能提高阳离子交换量(CEC)、有效磷(AvP)含量和有效硅(Si)含量. ②单一/复合施用土壤调理剂和菌剂均同时降低了土壤有效态Cd和As含量,二者降幅分别为5.46%~47.53%和5.32%~25.49%,同时有效态Cd和As含量的降幅以D1+D2处理最大,D2处理次之,菌剂(J)单独施用的降幅最小. ③D2、J+D1、J+D2、D1+D2和J+D1+D2这5种处理均能显著降低糙米和精米中Cd的含量,J处理和J+D1+D2处理均能显著降低精米As含量,达到《食品安全国家标准 食品中污染物限量》(GB 2762—2022)中的食品安全生产标准. ④试验材料主要通过改变土壤pH、CEC和有效Si含量来影响土壤Cd和As的生物有效性,以及水稻对Cd和As的吸收和转运. 研究显示,硅钙镁钾肥(D2处理)无论单施还是联合施用均能显著降低糙米Cd含量,达到《食品安全国家标准 食品中污染物限量》(GB 2762—2022)中的食品安全标准,但其对糙米As含量无显著影响,因此硅钙镁钾肥可为单一Cd污染土壤的水稻安全生产提供有效的解决途径.

     

  • 图  1  单一/联合施用不同土壤调理剂和菌剂对土壤化学性质的影响

    注:不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05),下同.

    Figure  1.  Effects of single/combined application of different soil amendment and Bacillus subtilis on soil chemical properties

    图  2  单一/联合施用不同土壤调理剂和菌剂对土壤有效态Cd和有效态As含量的影响

    Figure  2.  Effects of single/combined application of different soil amendments and Bacillus subtilis on the content of available Cd and available As in soil

    图  3  土壤有效态Cd和As含量与影响因子之间的拟合结果

    Figure  3.  Fitting relationship between content of soil available Cd and As with influence factors

    图  4  单一/联合施用不同调理剂和菌剂对水稻各部位Cd、As含量的影响

    注:不同小写字母表示同一个指标下,不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05).

    Figure  4.  Effects of single/combined application of different soil amendments and Bacillus subtilis on the content Cd and As in different organs of rice

    图  5  水稻糙米Cd和As含量与各项影响因子的相关性分析

    注:*表示P≤0.05,**表示P≤0.01,***表示P≤0.001.

    Figure  5.  Correlation analysis between Cd and As contents in brown rice and various influencing factors

    表  1  试验设计与材料用量

    Table  1.   Experimental design and material consumption

    处理组编号试验材料材料用量
    CK对照
    J微生物菌剂200 mL/亩,稀释15倍
    D1D1土壤调理剂100~150 kg/亩
    D2D2土壤调理剂100~150 kg/亩
    J+D1菌剂+D1土壤调理剂菌剂200 mL/亩,稀释15倍;D1调理剂100~150 kg/亩
    J+D2菌剂+D2土壤调理剂菌剂200 mL/亩,稀释15倍;D2调理剂100~150 kg/亩
    D1+D2D1土壤调理剂+D2土壤调理剂D1和D2调理剂各100~150 kg/亩
    J+D1+D2菌剂+D1土壤调理剂+D2土壤调理剂菌剂200 mL/亩,稀释15倍;D1和D2调理剂各100~150 kg/亩
    注:1亩≈666.67 m2.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  单一/联合施用不同土壤调理剂和菌剂对水稻产量的影响

    Table  2.   Effects of single/combined application of different soil amendments and Bacillus subtilis on rice yield

    处理组水稻产量/(kg/hm2)增产率/%
    CK7 560±360a
    J8 040±787a6.3
    D17 680±120a1.6
    D27 920±550a4.8
    J+D18 160±523a7.9
    J+D27 720±288a2.1
    D1+D26 840±80a−9.5
    J+D1+D28 040±840a6.3
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  不同处理对水稻各部位Cd、As富集和转运的影响

    Table  3.   Accumulation coefficient and transport coefficient of Cd and As in the rice tissues as affected by different treatments

    重金属处理组富集系数(BCF)转运系数(TF)
    糙米根-茎茎-叶茎-糙米
    Cd CK 17.18±2.44a 2.14±0.28a 0.31±0.09a 0.18±0.02a 0.17±0.02a 0.13±0.04a 0.14±0.02ab 0.08±0.01abc
    J 12.79±0.34abc 1.71±0.34ab 0.25±0.05abc 0.13±0.02ab 0.15±0.03ab 0.13±0.02a 0.15±0.01ab 0.09±0.01ab
    D1 16.86±1.22ab 1.74±0.36ab 0.28±0.03ab 0.16±0.04a 0.11±0.02bc 0.07±0.03a 0.21±0.01a 0.10±0.00a
    D2 11.21±1.48c 1.19±0.19bc 0.18±0.05abc 0.07±0.01c 0.09±0.01c 0.12±0.04a 0.17±0.04ab 0.08±0.01abc
    J+D1 10.58±1.93c 0.83±0.16c 0.17±0.03abc 0.07±0.02c 0.07±0.01c 0.11±0.04a 0.18±0.04ab 0.08±0.01abc
    J+D2 11.74±1.84bc 1.06±0.07bc 0.13±0.03bc 0.04±0.00c 0.07±0.01c 0.09±0.01a 0.12±0.02ab 0.06±0.01bc
    D1+D2 8.84±1.13c 1.47±0.23abc 0.19±0.03abc 0.08±0.02bc 0.08±0.01c 0.12±0.01a 0.14±0.03ab 0.06±0.01c
    J+D1+D2 8.33±0.19c 1.25±0.21bc 0.12±0.02c 0.05±0.01c 0.07±0.00c 0.14±0.02a 0.10±0.01b 0.06±0.00c
    CK 12.18±1.55a 0.31±0.02a 0.76±0.04a 1.42±0.17a 0.02±0.00a 0.02±0.00d 2.76±0.43a 0.06±0.00ab
    J 9.19±1.41abc 0.30±0.03a 0.56±0.03b 1.14±0.06ab 0.01±0.00a 0.04±0.00bcd 1.86±0.25ab 0.05±0.00b
    D1 5.41±0.81c 0.26±0.02a 0.37±0.06c 1.47±0.23a 0.01±0.00a 0.06±0.01a 1.33±0.32b 0.05±0.01b
    As D2 7.82±0.30bc 0.24±0.05a 0.40±0.01bc 1.13±0.09ab 0.01±0.00a 0.03±0.01cd 1.68±0.42ab 0.06±0.01ab
    J+D1 7.29±0.72bc 0.29±0.04a 0.50±0.06bc 1.28±0.05ab 0.01±0.00a 0.04±0.00bc 1.79±0.35ab 0.05±0.00b
    J+D2 10.03±0.52ab 0.29±0.01a 0.50±0.07bc 1.22±0.14ab 0.01±0.00a 0.03±0.00bcd 1.75±0.29ab 0.04±0.00b
    D1+D2 10.09±2.18ab 0.20±0.05a 0.39±0.08bc 0.86±0.09b 0.02±0.00a 0.02±0.00d 1.91±0.13ab 0.07±0.00a
    J+D1+D2 6.23±1.16bc 0.30±0.06a 0.41±0.06bc 1.11±0.16ab 0.01±0.00a 0.05±0.01ab 1.44±0.20b 0.04±0.00b
    注:不同字母表示不同处理组同一部位的差异显著(P<0.05),下同.
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2023-06-21
  • 修回日期:  2023-07-24
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-08-18

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