新鲜和老化生物炭对土壤氮淋失及油菜氮吸收的影响
Effects of fresh and aged biochar on soil nitrogen leaching and nitrogen uptake of rapeseed
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摘要: 随着粮食需求日益增加,为了增产大量氮肥被施入土壤,而氮肥利用率较低导致土壤氮淋失严重,造成水体污染。生物炭施入土壤被认为是减少氮淋失的有效措施。本文通过室内土柱模拟淋溶实验,共设置5个处理:对照仅施氮肥(B0)、氮肥%2B1%新鲜生物炭(B1)、氮肥%2B4%新鲜生物炭(B4)、氮肥%2B1%老化生物炭(Ba1)、氮肥%2B4%老化生物炭(Ba4),并在土柱上种植油菜,在植物-土壤-淋溶液系统内探究不同施加量的新鲜和老化生物炭对土壤氮淋失和油菜氮吸收的影响。结果表明:随生物炭老化和施加量增加,土壤氮固持和油菜氮吸收能力增强,淋溶液氮浓度降低,这表明生物炭对抑制土壤氮淋失具有长期效应。本文可为通过施用适量生物炭减少土壤氮淋失提供理论依据。Abstract: With the increasing demand for food, a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer is applied into soil to improve yield, but the low nitrogen use efficiency resultes in serious soil nitrogen leaching and water pollution. Biochar application into soil is considered as an effective measure to reduce nitrogen leaching. In this study, five treatments were set up in the laboratory soil column simulation leaching experiment, i.e., only nitrogen fertilizer (B0), nitrogen fertilizer %2B 1% fresh biochar (B1), nitrogen fertilizer %2B 4% fresh biochar (B4), nitrogen fertilizer %2B 1% aged biochar (Ba1), nitrogen fertilizer %2B 4% aged biochar (Ba4) were applied, and rapeseed was planted on soil column. The effects of fresh and aged biochar at different application amounts on soil nitrogen leaching and nitrogen uptake of rapeseed were investigated in the plant-soil-leaching system. The results showed that with the aging of biochar and the increase of application amount, soil nitrogen retention and rapeseed nitrogen absorption capacity increased, and the concentration of nitrogen in leaching solution decreased, indicating that biochar has a long-term effect on soil nitrogen leaching inhibition. The results can provide the theoretical basis for reducing soil nitrogen leaching by applying proper amount of biochar.
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Key words:
- fresh biochar /
- aged biochar /
- nitrogen leaching /
- nitrogen uptake
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