硅酸钾及其与锰硫配施防控水稻复合重金属污染的效果
The Control Effects of Combined Heavy Metal Pollution in Rice by Using Silicate and Its Mixing of Mn/S
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摘要: 由于不同重金属的土壤化学性质迥异,同步钝化土壤复合重金属成为土壤污染修复亟待解决的瓶颈问题. 采用土壤盆栽试验,以自然Cd、Pb、Cu、As复合污染土壤为研究材料,设置CK(空白)和石灰石(调理剂对照)两个对照,研究了3种硅基调理剂〔(硅酸钾、锰-硅酸钾(氯化锰10%+硅酸钾90%)、硫-硅酸钾(硫氢化钠2.5%配施+硅酸钾97.5%)〕对土壤重金属形态转化,水稻吸收Cd、Pb、Cu、As和养分元素,以及水稻生长和抗氧化胁迫反应的影响. 结果表明,3种硅基土壤调理剂的降Cd效果均显著高于调理剂对照(石灰石). 与空白对照CK相比,3种硅基调理剂(硅酸钾、锰-硅酸钾和硫-硅酸钾)分别使糙米Cd含量显著(P<0.05)降低30.0%、45.5%和35.7%,糙米Pb含量显著(P<0.05)降低56.6%、62.6%和37.1%,其中锰-硅酸钾配施降Cd、降Pb效果最佳,但3种调理剂降Cu和降As效果不显著. 各调理剂均能促进水稻的生长、养分吸收和抗氧化能力,提高土壤pH,降低土壤可交换态Cd、Pb比例. 研究显示,硅酸钾及与锰、硫配施均能显著降低糙米中的Cd、Pb含量并促进作物生长,可用于水稻Cd、Pb复合污染防控.Abstract: Different heavy metals have different soil chemical properties. Simultaneous inactivation of the Compound heavy metal in the soil has become a bottleneck problem to be solved in soil pollution remediation. By using the natural Cd, Pb, Cu, As compound polluted soil as the research material and by setting CK (blank) and limestone (conditioner control) as two controls, a soil pot experiment was employed to understand the effects of three silicon-based conditioners (potassium silicate, manganese-potassium silicate (manganese chloride 10%+potassium silicate 90%), sulfur-potassium silicate (sodium hydrosulfide 2.5% + potassium silicate 97.5%)) on the transformation of heavy metals in soil, the accumulation of Cd, Pb, Cu, As and nutrient elements in rice , and the rice growth and antioxidant stress response. The results showed that all the three silicon-based conditioners had significantly higher capability on reducing Cd than the conditioner control (limestone). Compared with CK, the three Si-containing passivators reduced the content of Cd and Pb in brown rice by 30.0%, 45.5%, 35.6% and 56.6%, 62.6%, 37.1%, respectively, and manganese-potassium silicate had the best effect, and however, all the passivators had no significant role in reducing Cu and As in rice. Each conditioner could promote rice nutrient absorption and antioxidant capability, increased soil pH, and decreased the proportion of exchangeable Cd and Pb in soil. In conclusion, the application of silicate and its Mn and S modified mixing significantly reduces the content of Cd and Pb in brown rice, and could be used in remediation of rice Cd/Pb compound pollution.
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Key words:
- rice /
- compound heavy metal pollution /
- silicon-based conditioners /
- manganese /
- sulfur
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