基于SEAR技术的地下含水层石油烃污染修复实验研究
Experimental study on the remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon pollution in subsurface aquifers based on SEAR technology
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摘要: 石油烃作为一种优先控制污染物,已引起全球对地下含水层中石油类污染物残留的广泛关注。本研究利用静、动态实验优选出高效环保的单一表面活性剂,同时确定最佳表面活性剂复配体系,并开展室内模拟试验及性能评价验证其修复效果。结果表明:八种表面活性剂对汽油的增溶能力表现为鼠李糖脂>TritonX-100>AEO-9>APG>AES>Brij 30>Tween 80>SDS;中砂介质中对油污砂吸附能力表现为Brij 30>Tween 80>APG>TritonX-100>AEO-9>鼠李糖脂>AES>SDS;油污砂洗脱效果表现为Tween 80>TritonX-100>AES>SDS> APG>AEO-9>鼠李糖脂>Brij 30。综合优选结果确定TritonX-100为最优效的单一表面活性剂。通过将优选表面活性剂TritonX-100与洗脱效果最好的Tween 80进行混合确定最优复配比为1:1,该复配体系下汽油去除率可达99.28%。动态洗脱实验下该混合体系下汽油去除效率最高为64.55%,比同浓度TritonX-100条件下高22.26%。通过室内模拟试验验证TritonX-100与Tween 80复配体系能够有效提高石油烃污染含水层修复效果。同时由红外光谱测试结果可得Tween 80对长链和支链的烃类有较强的洗脱作用,同时TritonX-100中含有苯环,增加了汽油中芳香烃在TritonX-100中的溶解度。以上结果可为表面活性强化修复技术(SEAR)在实际场地应用提供理论参考以及技术支持提供理论参考。Abstract: Petroleum hydrocarbons, as a priority control pollutant, have attracted widespread global attention to the residual of petroleum-based pollutants in underground aquifers. In this study, highly efficient and environmentally friendly single surfactants were selected using static and dynamic experiments, and the optimal surfactant compounding system was also determined, and indoor simulation tests and performance evaluation were conducted to verify their remediation effects. The solubilization ability of eight surfactants on gasoline was shown as rhamnolipid > TritonX-100 > AEO-9 > APG > AES > Brij 30 > Tween 80 > SDS; the adsorption ability of gasoline in medium sand media was shown as Brij 30 > Tween 80 > APG > TritonX-100 > AEO-9 > rhamnolipid > AES > TritonX-100 was determined to be the most effective single surfactant by combining the results of the selection experiments. By mixing TritonX-100 with Tween 80, the gasoline removal rate of 99.28% was achieved. According to the results of dynamic elution experiments, the highest gasoline removal rate was found to be 64.55% in this mixture, which was 22.26% higher than that of the single surfactant TritonX-100. The indoor simulation tests verified that TritonX-100 and Tween 80 combination system can effectively improve the solubility of gasoline pollutants in aquifers and enhance the remediation effect of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants in subsurface aquifers. Meanwhile, the results of infrared spectroscopy test showed that Tween 80 has strong elution effect on long-chain and branched hydrocarbons, while TritonX-100 contains benzene ring, which increases the solubility of aromatic hydrocarbons in gasoline in TritonX-100. The above results can provide a theoretical reference as well as technical support for the application of surfactant enhanced aquifer remediation technology (SEAR) in practical sites.
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Key words:
- Petroleum hydrocarbons /
- subsurface aquifers /
- surfactants /
- compounding system /
- indoor simulation
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