Abstract: The Yellow River Basin is an important ecological barrier and economic zone in China. High-quality development puts forward higher requirements for ecological environment protection and resource recycling in the Yellow River Basin. Solid wastes have the dual attributes of "resources" and "environment" and the dual attributes of "sources" and "sinks" of pollution. Its harmlessness and resource utilization are of great significance to the protection of ecological environment and high-quality sustainable development in the Yellow River Basin. This paper systematically expounds the spatial distribution and temporal evolution characteristics of different types of solid wastes in the Yellow River Basin. On this basis, it further analyzes the existing problems in the prevention and control of solid wastes in the Yellow River Basin, including heavy industrial structure, high pressure of solid wastes' incremental stock, shortcomings of harmless disposal, unclear base number, high environmental risk, and insufficient collaborative treatment of upstream and downstream of the basin, solid wastewater gas, pollutants and greenhouse gases. ; According to the basin resource endowment, natural conditions and industrial characteristics, with the goal of reducing pollution and carbon, it is suggested that the construction of "waste-free basin" should be taken as the starting point to promote the development of green and low-carbon cycle, make up the shortcomings of utilization and disposal capacity, focus on preventing risks in key areas, and promote the collaborative treatment of solid wastes.