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中国大气污染治理:进展·挑战·路径

王韵杰 张少君 郝吉明

王韵杰, 张少君, 郝吉明. 中国大气污染治理:进展·挑战·路径[J]. 环境科学研究, 2019, 32(10): 1755-1762. doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2019.08.22
引用本文: 王韵杰, 张少君, 郝吉明. 中国大气污染治理:进展·挑战·路径[J]. 环境科学研究, 2019, 32(10): 1755-1762. doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2019.08.22
WANG Yunjie, ZHANG Shaojun, HAO Jiming. Air Pollution Control in China: Progress, Challenges and Future Pathways[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2019, 32(10): 1755-1762. doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2019.08.22
Citation: WANG Yunjie, ZHANG Shaojun, HAO Jiming. Air Pollution Control in China: Progress, Challenges and Future Pathways[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2019, 32(10): 1755-1762. doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2019.08.22

中国大气污染治理:进展·挑战·路径

doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2019.08.22
基金项目: 

国家重点研发计划 2017YFC0212100

国家自然科学基金项目 51609225

国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目 2012CB417004

大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目成果集成与应用示范 DQGG0307

详细信息
    作者简介:

    王韵杰(1996-), 男, 安徽肥东人, wangyj18@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn

    通讯作者:

    郝吉明(1946-), 男, 山东梁山人, 教授, 中国工程院院士, 博士, 博导, 主要从事能源与环境、大气污染控制工程研究, hjm-den@tsinghua.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: X51

Air Pollution Control in China: Progress, Challenges and Future Pathways

Funds: 

National Key Research and Development Program of China 2017YFC0212100

National Natural Science Foundation of China 51609225

National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) 2012CB417004

National Research Program for Key Issues in Air Pollution Control, China DQGG0307

  • 摘要: 党的十八大以来,生态文明建设不断推进,其中大气污染治理是生态环境三大攻坚战之一.自2013年《大气污染防治行动计划》发布以来,我国开展了针对PM2.5(细颗粒物)污染治理的一系列举措,在燃煤污染和移动源污染控制等领域取得了显著成绩,全国空气质量明显好转.相对于2013年,2017年京津冀、长三角、珠三角三大区域ρ(PM2.5)年均值分别下降了40%、34%和28%.然而,目前我国不少区域和城市仍然面临着解决PM2.5污染的急迫需求,并且O3(臭氧)污染的重要性逐渐凸显,因此我国空气质量改善工作仍面临巨大挑战.今后在建设生态文明和"美丽中国"的进程中,围绕《打赢蓝天保卫战三年行动计划》目标,应重视对非电行业、柴油货车等重点源的控制,加强控制氮氧化物(NOx)和挥发性有机物(VOCs)排放,持续推进能源和结构转型,协同推动我国积极应对气候变化和持续改善空气质量.

     

  • 图  1  我国首批发布的9个城市PM2.5本地源解析结果

    注:数据源自各地环境保护部门公开发布信息.深圳市、宁波市的工业生产源包括电厂,燃煤源贡献未单列出.

    Figure  1.  The source apportionment results of PM2.5 pollution (local sources only) in nine cities

    图  2  中国煤电污染物排放限值的演变过程及其与美国、欧盟排放限值的比较

    注:图中采用较为严格的限值.如2011年GB 13223—2011规定新建锅炉SO2排放不高于100 mg/m3,但广西壮族自治区、重庆市、四川省、贵州省新建锅炉可执行200 mg/m3的排放限值.

    Figure  2.  Emission standards for coal-fired power plants in China and comparison with standards of US and EU

    图  3  2013—2017年我国74个主要城市主要大气污染物浓度变化

    Figure  3.  Air pollutant concentrations of 74 main cities in China from 2013 to 2017

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  • 收稿日期:  2019-08-19
  • 修回日期:  2019-08-22
  • 刊出日期:  2019-10-25

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