陕西省典型高硒土壤的空间分布及主要农作物硒的含量特征和主要来源研究

郝栗涛; 张湜溪; 雒昆利

doi:10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2023.02.09

陕西省典型高硒土壤的空间分布及主要农作物硒的含量特征和主要来源研究

doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2023.02.09

郝栗涛^{1, 2, 3,},
张湜溪⁴,
雒昆利^1, ,

1.
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所，北京　100101
2.
中国富硒产业研究院，陕西安康　725000
3.
吉林大学新能源与环境学院，吉林长春　130012
4.
中国矿业大学（北京）地球科学与测绘工程学院，北京　100083

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(No.42007283)；中国富硒产业研究院富硒专项研发计划(No.2019ZKG-4-01)；岚皋县天然硒资源普查项目

详细信息

作者简介:
郝栗涛（1994-），男，河北邯郸人，1360188377@qq.com

通讯作者:
雒昆利(1959-)，女，陕西西安人，教授，博士，博导，主要从事地质环境与健康研究，kunliluo@sohu.com

中图分类号: X53
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-15
- 修回日期: 2023-02-08

Study on Spatial Distribution of Typical High-Selenium Soil and Content Characteristics and Main Sources of Selenium in Main Crops in Shaanxi Province

HAO Litao^{1, 2, 3
,},
ZHANG Shixi⁴,
LUO Kunli^{1
, ,}

1.
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
2.
Chinese Academy of Se-Enriched Industry, Ankang 725000, China
3.
College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
4.
School of Geosciences and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.42007283); Special Research and Development Program Project of Chinese Academy of Se-Enriched Industry (No.2019ZKG-4-01); Natural Selenium Resource Survey Project in Langao County, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究陕西省安康市富硒核心区—岚皋县高硒土壤的空间分布及主要农作物硒含量特征和主要来源，本文在岚皋县采集了767个表层土壤样品，其中在高硒区(佐龙镇和民主镇)按行政村地块为单元，共加密采集了409个土样以及18个土豆、35个玉米和14个基岩样品，测试了其总硒含量. 结果表明：①岚皋县北部典型高硒区—佐龙镇和民主镇的土壤硒含量平均值分别为3.38 mg/kg (范围为0.02~37.39 mg/kg)和3.11 mg/kg (范围为0.05~16.96 mg/kg)，均远高于中国(0.29 mg/kg)和全球(0.40 mg/kg)表层土壤硒含量的背景值. ②佐龙镇和民主镇表层土壤硒含量大于0.40 mg/kg的面积分别占各自乡镇面积的99.18%和75.79%. ③佐龙镇中部地区的硒含量较高，民主镇中部和东南部地区的硒含量较高. 高硒区的土豆(硒含量范围为0.04~1.78 mg/kg，平均值为0.49 mg/kg)和玉米(硒含量范围为0.01~2.82 mg/kg，平均值为0.69 mg/kg)的富硒率均超过68%. ④高硒区土壤富硒的最主要原因是晚前寒武纪—寒武纪的富硒地层大面积出露，导致风化形成的上覆土壤硒含量相应较高. ⑤高硒区主要农作物硒含量与分布区的基岩硒含量密切相关. 研究显示，岚皋县北部表层土壤和农作物的硒含量均主要来源于分布区的富硒地层.
- 岚皋县 /
- 高硒区 /
- 表层土壤 /
- 空间分布 /
- 农作物 /
- 硒含量
Abstract: In order to study the spatial distribution of high-selenium soil and content characteristics and main sources of selenium in main crops in Langao County, the selenium-rich core area of Ankang, Shaanxi Province, 767 surface soil samples were collected from Langao County. In the high-selenium areas (Zuolong Town and Minzhu Town), 409 surface soil samples, 18 potato samples, 35 corn samples and 14 bedrock samples were collected according to the administrative village. The contents of selenium were measured in the collected samples. The results showed the average soil selenium content in the soil of Zuolong and Minzhu Towns in northern Langao County was 3.38 mg/kg (0.02-37.39 mg/kg) and 3.11 mg/kg (0.05-16.96 mg/kg), respectively, which were much higher than the background values of soil selenium content in China (0.29 mg/kg) and the world (0.40 mg/kg). The selenium content above 0.40 mg/kg in the surface soil of Zuolong Town and Minzhu Town accounted for 99.18% and 75.79% of the township area, respectively. Soil in the central part of Zuolong Town, and the central and southeastern parts of Minzhu Town had higher content of selenium. The selenium enrichment rates of potatoes (0.04-1.78 mg/kg, mean 0.49 mg/kg) and corns (0.01-2.82 mg/kg, mean 0.69 mg/kg) in the high-selenium area were both above 68%. The main reason for selenium enrichment in soil of high-selenium area was that the selenium-enriched strata in the Late Precambrian-Cambrian were exposed in a large area, resulting in a higher selenium content in the overlying soil formed by weathering. The selenium content of the main crops in the high-selenium area was closely related to the selenium content of bedrock in the distribution area. The research showed selenium content of surface soils and crops in northern Langao County was mainly derived from the selenium rich strata in the distribution area.
- Langao County /
- high-selenium area /
- surface soil /
- spatial distribution /
- crop /
- selenium content

HTML全文

图 1 岚皋县的地质背景及其采样点的分布情况

注：ψl3—辉石岩；βμ3—辉绿岩和辉绿玢岩；ψμ3—辉石玢岩；δ3—闪长岩；S1+2—早志留世和中志留世并层；S—志留纪；O—奥陶纪；Є3—晚寒武世；Є2—中寒武世；Є1—早寒武世；Є—寒武纪；Z2—晚震旦世；Qny—耀岭河群；Pt2yx—郧西群. 下同.

Figure 1. Geological background and distribution map of sampling points in Langao County

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图 2 岚皋县及其高硒区的表层土壤硒含量分布情况

Figure 2. Distribution of selenium content in surface soils of Langao County and its high-selenium area

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图 3 岚皋县及其高硒区不同等级表层土壤的硒含量占对应分布区面积的比例

Figure 3. The percentage of distribution area of surface soils with different selenium content in Langao County and its high-selenium areas

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图 4 岚皋县的表层土壤与作物、基岩的线性拟合结果

Figure 4. Linear fit plots of surface soil and crops, surface soil and bedrock in Langao County

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图 5 高硒区分布的地层占佐龙镇和民主镇总面积的比例

Figure 5. The area of each strata in high-selenium area accounts for the percentage of the total area of the Zuolong Town and Minzhu Town

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图 6 高硒区(佐龙镇和民主镇)的地质背景、地层和表层土壤硒含量分布情况

Figure 6. Geological background, selenium content distribution in different strata and selenium content distributionmap in surface soil of high-selenium areas (Zuolong Town and Minzhu Town)

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表 1 岚皋县表层土壤硒含量统计

Table 1. Selenium content in surface soils of Langao County

研究区域	硒含量/(mg/kg)			数据来源
研究区域	最大值	最小值	平均值	数据来源
陕西省岚皋县	37.39	0.02	2.01	本研究
陕西省安康市	36.69	0.01	0.57	文献[32]
陕西省	17.62	0.02	0.12	文献[33]
中国	—	—	0.29	文献[9]
全球	—	—	0.40	文献[1]
注：—表示无数据.

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 岚皋县各乡镇土壤硒含量统计

Table 2. Selenium content in surface soil of Langao County at township level

乡镇	样品个数	硒含量/(mg/kg)				变异系数/%
乡镇	样品个数	最大值	最小值	平均值	标准偏差	变异系数/%
大道河镇	9	1.83	0.17	0.85	0.53	61.73
堰门镇	67	4.39	0.02	0.83	0.89	107.35
民主镇	205	16.96	0.05	3.11	3.65	117.26
佐龙镇	204	37.39	0.02	3.38	4.36	129.21
城关镇	50	1.29	0.06	0.35	0.28	79.39
蔺河镇	83	4.09	0.06	0.57	0.74	129.25
官元镇	10	1.21	0.42	0.76	0.31	41.10
石门镇	31	1.64	0.03	0.48	0.38	78.47
四季镇	52	1.79	0.14	0.56	0.39	70.09
滔河镇	21	1.08	0.20	0.47	0.26	54.99
南宫山镇	16	1.88	0.04	0.40	0.41	103.02
孟石岭镇	19	3.3	0.27	0.93	0.93	100.24

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表 3 高硒区(佐龙镇、民主镇)的作物硒含量统计

Table 3. Selenium content in main crops of high-selenium areas (Zuolong Town and Minzhu Town )

作物	样品个数	硒含量/(mg/kg)					变异系数/%	富硒率/%
作物	样品个数	最大值	最小值	平均值	标准偏差	富硒标准	变异系数/%	富硒率/%
土豆	18	1.78	0.04	0.49	0.67	0.015~0.15^[36]	136.11	100.00
玉米	35	2.82	0.01	0.69	0.79	≥0.15^[37]	114.22	68.57

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