巢湖水体中微塑料组成及分布特征
Compositional and Distributional Characteristics of Microplastics in Water Samples of the Chaohu Lake
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摘要: 摘要: 近年来,淡水环境中的微塑料污染引起了越来越多的关注。该研究以安徽省巢湖为例,在2020年11月对水体中微塑料丰度分布进行了系统的调查,并分析了巢湖微塑料的类型、粒径范围、颜色和聚合物类型。结果表明:巢湖水体中微塑料的丰度均值为(1.30±0.68)n/L,其中东部湖区略低于其他区域。微塑料的类型包括纤维状、碎片状、颗粒状、薄膜状和微珠状,其中纤维是最常见的微塑料类型(65.8%);微塑料的颜色包括透明、黑色、白色和彩色,其中黑色和彩色占主要优势,分别占总数的44.33% 和26.58%;巢湖以小尺寸微塑料(粒径<2 mm)为主,占总数88.65%。进一步利用拉曼光谱定性分析发现,巢湖微塑料聚合物类型包括聚丙烯(PP)、聚乙烯(PE)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)和低密度聚乙烯(LDPE),其中PP(57.52%)和PET(21.17%)是主要的聚合物类型。该研究通过对巢湖微塑料污染的本底调查,揭示了巢湖多样化的微塑料组成,研究结果可为巢湖的污染防治提供理论基础。Abstract: Abstract: In recent years, microplastic pollution in the freshwater environments has attracted increasing attention. In November 2020, we carried out systematic investigation of water samples in the Chaohu Lake (Located in Anhui Province) to assess the pollution status of microplastics (MPs). Shapes, particle size range, colors and chemical compositions of MPs in the Chaohu Lake were quantitatively assessed and analyzed. Our study recorded the MPs’ mean abundance of (1.30 ± 0.68) n/L in water samples, with the averaged abundance in eastern area of the lake being slightly lower than the other regions. We identified five shapes of MPs (including fibers, fragments, particles, films and microbeads), with fibers accounting for the most common shapes (65.8%). The colors of MPs include transparent, black, white and colored, among which black and colored are dominant, accounting for 44.33% and 26.58%, respectively. Small size microplastics (particle size < 200 μm) dominated in the Lake Chaohu, accounting for 39.88%. Indicated by the Raman spectroscopy, our results found seven main chemical compositions of MPs, including polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE). PP (57.52%) and PET (21.17%) accounted for the two main polymer types in the Chaohu Lake. Our study demonstrated diverse and multiple sources of MPs in the Chaohu Lake. These results can provide fundamental background of MPs pollution as well as prevention and controlling of MPs in the Chaohu lake.
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Key words:
- Chaohu Lake /
- microplastics /
- abundance /
- distributional characteristics
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