基于移动观测的城市机动车氨排放特征研究
Characterization of ammonia emissions from urban motor vehicles using mobile measurements
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摘要: 机动车是城市NH3排放重要来源之一,对PM2.5的生成具有重要影响。本研究利用移动式走航测量方法,在特大城市上海开展了为期8天的实际道路NH3排放移动观测,实测获得了道路机动车NH3排放及分布特征。结果表明,实际道路机动车ΔNH3/ΔCO2平均排放比为0.44ppbv/ppmv,不同类型交通功能区存在显著差异,港区道路与中心城区道路机动车排放比相对较高,而高速公路相对较低。交通条件对实际道路机动车NH3排放具有重要影响,低速拥堵状态下机动车NH3排放比为中速条件下的2-3倍,而当车速进一步增加时NH3排放将再次上升。研究通过进博会期间走航测量发现,交通管控措施对削减机动车NH3排放具有积极作用,相关研究成果可以为城市地区机动车NH3排放控制提供重要参考。Abstract: Motor vehicles are one of the important sources of NH3 emissions in cities and have an important impact on PM2.5 formation. In this study, 8-day mobile observations of on-road NH3 emissions was conducted in the mega-city of Shanghai using a mobile measurement method, and the NH3 emission ratios and their distributions of on-road motor vehicles were obtained empirically. The results show that the average ΔNH3/ΔCO2 emission ratio of actual road motor vehicles is 0.44 ppbv/ppmv, and there are significant differences between different types of traffic functional areas, with relatively high emission ratios for motor vehicles on roads in port areas and central urban areas, and relatively low emission ratios on highways. Traffic conditions have an important influence on NH3 emissions from actual roads. The NH3 emission ratio of motor vehicles under low-speed congestion is 2-3 times higher than that under medium-speed conditions, and NH3 emissions will rise again when the vehicle speed increases further. The study found that traffic control measures have a positive effect on reducing NH3 emissions from motor vehicles through aerial measurements during the China International Import Expo (CIIE), and the related research results can provide an important reference for NH3 emissions control from motor vehicles in urban areas.
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Key words:
- Motor Vehicles /
- mobile observation /
- NH3 Emission characteristics
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