Abstract: In order to have a overall understanding on the status of water pollution in Harbin section of Songhua River, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to evaluate the status of water pollution, according to the water quality monitoring data of the wet period, flow period and dry period in 2015. The multivariate linear regression of the absolute principal component scores (APCS-MLR) was performed to quantify the source contribution rate of each pollution factor, according to the data obtained from PCA. In the evaluation process, the water quality of different sections was visualized by making full use of the ArcGIS. It can also show the spatial characteristics of water environment quality better and describe the regional differences of water quality. The results show that the main pollutants in Harbin section of Songhua River include COD_Cr, TN and NH₃-N, the first principal component of the wet, flow, and dry period to the water level of its contribution ratio were 69.97%, 69.18% and 74.23%, 22.91%, 22.21% and 37.57%, 83.77%, 83.60% and 83.09%, respectively. In the 6 sections, the water quality of Zhu Shuntun section is better than that of other sections. The upstream water quality is better than the downstream water quality. In general, the study water is represented that the water quality of wet period is better than that of dry period. The research shows that pollutants are mainly affected by domestic wastewater and industrial wastewater discharge from the coastal petrochemical, automotive and paper industry. The pollutants mainly come from the inner section of the Ashe estuary and the inner section of the Hulan River estuary. The water quality of the main stream is better than that of the tributaries.