Abstract: To explore the characteristics of non-point source pollution in Beijing, the Qinghe River Basin was selected as the study area. During the period from August 2013 to December 2014, samples of the river water at different sections, the river water before and after rainfall, and different land uses (residential, commercial, greenbelt, street, and farmland) soil (or dust) were taken and analyzed. The results showed that the Qinghe River was seriously polluted, and the concentration of most pollutants exceeded the standard of V class in terms of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB 3838-2002). The river nutrient concentrations were even higher than the 1A standard of treatment plant of Urban Sewage Treatment Plant Pollutants Dischange Standards(GB 18918-2002). The concentration of major pollutants in river water was much higher than those in the rainwater pollutants, indicating that the river water was less affected by rainwater in the long run. The total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) in the wet season was significantly higher than that in the dry season and the normal water season, while the total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) concentration in the river water was significantly lower in the wet season than that in the dry season and the normal water season(P < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed for COD_Mn and NH₄⁺-N concentrations in the three water periods. Compared with the river water quality before rainfall, TDN decreased significantly and the TDP increased significantly after rainfall (P < 0.05). There was also no significant difference of the river water COD_Mn and NH₄⁺-N concentrations before and after rainfall, further indicating the characteristics of non-point source pollution for phosphorus. Since the rainfall-runoff increased the phosphorus input into the river, the initial flushing effect of phosphorus was definitely observed. This work implies that the non-point source pollution of phosphorus was apparent in the Qinghe River. Nitrogen mainly derived from domestic sewage discharges, and was less affected by non-point sources. COD_Mn and NH₄⁺-N were affected by both point source and non-point source pollution.