Abstract: Petroleum in soil has become more serious due to the increasing use of petroleum. This study aimed to find an economic and effective remediation solution for petroleum polluted soil with low concentration, and to investigate the effect of earthworm on plant remediation efficiency in petroleum-polluted soil. A 60 d incubation experiment was carried out using an anthropogenic petroleum-polluted soil with two treatments including three different plant varieties treatments (Impatiens balsamina L., Mirabilis jalapa L., Iris Sibirica L.) and combined plant plus earthworm (Eisenia Foetda) treatment. The contents of the total petroleum hydrocarbon and the activities of catalase and polyphenol oxidase in the soil were measured at the end of the experiment. Results showed that the removal efficiency of petroleum hydrocarbon in soil under Impatiens balsamina L., Mirabilis jalapa L., Iris Sibirica L. treatments were 36.32%, 32.70% and 29.82%, respectively, and Impatiens balsamina L. had the best remediation effect for petroleum pollution. After adding earthworm, the removal efficiency of petroleum hydrocarbon in soil under Impatiens balsamina L., Mirabilis jalapa L., Iris Sibirica L. treatments reached 40.73%, 36.10% and 32.80%, respectively, all of which were significantly higher than that in the corresponding plant-treated soils. Accordingly, the addition of earthworms could significantly promote the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon by plants in the soil. Moreover, the activities of catalase and polyphenol oxidase in the soil increased under the addition of earthworm, indicating that earthworm may stimulate the activities of these two enzymes. Meanwhile, the activities of the two enzymes were significantly and positively correlated with the petroleum hydrocarbon content, suggesting that catalase and polyphenol oxidase were involved in the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon in soil. In summary, our study indicated that earthworm addition could facilitate the remediation efficiency of plants for petroleum pollution in soil, it also demonstrated the probability of earthworm incorporation when using plants to restore petroleum-polluted soils.