Abstract: The contagion of the new coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) not only seriously endangers the safety of human, but also affects the development of the national economy. There are few reports on factors influencing the transmission of 2019-nCoV, such as environmental conditions (humidity and temperature), air pollution, and human activities. It is difficult to sample and research 2019-nCoV directly. Therefore, it is significant to investigate the factors influencing the spread and survival of other similar viruses, which is instructional for the prevention of epidemics and the control of 2019-nCoV transmission. The results show that: (1) Low temperature and low humidity could prolong the lifetime and increase the transmission of coronavirus, especially on dry surfaces. For example, coronavirus can survive on a smooth surface at a temperature of 22-25 ℃ and a relative humidity (RH) of 40%-45% for more than 5 days. (2) Similarly, the survival rates of the aerosolized coronavirus is also high in a closed environment at low temperature and low humidity, 2019-nCoV may hold high survival rates at a temperature of 20-25 ℃ and a relative humidity of 30%-50%. (3) The higher the particle concentration, the risk of 2019-nCoV transmission may increase. (4) The behavior of infected people also plays a important role in the transmission of 2019-nCoV. The transmission of virus can be reduced by avoiding sneezing and coughing in the crowd, and blocking the transmission of droplets using hands, elbows or other objects. Considering the above analysis, some suggestions for the prevention and control the epidemics are made, such as improving the indoor microenvironment, investigating the detection, inactivation, influence factors and propagation characteristics of 2019-nCoV.