Abstract: Over the past over ten years, the disposal of medical waste in China has changed from simple incineration during the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) pandemic to multiple forms during coronavirus COVID-19 epidemic. Significant progress has been made in emergency disposal of medical waste, both in management and technology. All the medical waste has been disposed safely through all types of disposal facilities although much more complex risk prevention of medical waste has been encountered in the COVID-19 epidemic. The facilities used for treating and disposing medical wastes include medical waste centralized disposal facilities, hazardous waste incineration facilities, domestic waste incineration facilities, cement kiln facilities, mobile medical waste disposal facilities, and medical institution-owned disposal facilities. However, at the beginning of the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, relatively weak emergency disposal capabilities of medical waste were exposed, leading to passive response. The lack of top-level design, insufficient reserve capacity and technical support are believed to be the main causes. Based on the relevant international and domestic experiences, corresponding suggestions to establish a medical waste emergency disposal system are proposed: (1) Carry out policy design of medical waste emergency disposal with fully connection with management system of public health emergency; (2) Make and implement a construction plan scientifically for medical waste disposal facilities with comprehensive consideration of the prepared emergency disposal capacity; (3) Summarize the reasonable technical routes of medical waste emergency disposal by evaluating the multiple disposal forms during the COVID-19 epidemic; (4) Promote the capacity-building of emergency material reserves, disposal teams and expert teams in order to speed up emergency response.