Abstract:
In order to understand the long-term change trend of precipitation chemistry and wet deposition in Zhuhai, the chemical characteristics of precipitation and wet deposition from 2008 to 2018 were studied based on the monthly precipitation conductivity, pH, ion concentration and wet deposition data from Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia (EANET). The results showed: (1) The pH of precipitation between January and December in Zhuhai was lower than 5.6. The frequencies of strong and extremely strong acid rain were high. The problem of precipitation acidification was widespread. The pH value increased from 4.9 to 5.2 between 2008 and 2018 with an improving trend. The months with precipitation conductivity less than 3 mS/m accounted for 61.68%. (2) The concentration of Cl
- and Na
+ in the precipitation of Zhuhai was high, which indicated that the combined effects of marine and anthropogenic sources on the precipitation. The downward trend of SO
42-/NO
3- occurred year by year, and the mixed type of sulfuric and nitric acid was the main type of the precipitation. The low ΔpH (evaluation parameter of acid neutralization capacity) indicated that the lack of neutralization capacity might be the main reason for the serious acidification of precipitation in Zhuhai. (3) The range of wet deposition in Zhuhai was 71.98-200.77 kg/(hm
2·a), in which SO
42- deposition was the highest. The deposition of DIN-N (the depostition of dissolved inorganic nitrogen) fluctuated around 11 kg/(hm
2·a) from 2008 to 2018, while SO
42--S (sulfur deposition) decreased by nearly 40%. The maximum wet deposition of atmospheric nitrogen and sulfur occurred in spring. The ratios of NH
4+-N/NO
3-N (the ratio of ammonium nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen deposition) was greater than 1 in the four seasons, indicating that the active nitrogen mainly came from agricultural activities. The precipitation acidification was widespread in Zhuhai, but the overall trend is improving. There was a certain relationship between the serious precipitation acidification and the lack of neutralization capacity.