Abstract: The occurrence of oil spills has caused a waste of oil resources and serious environmental risks, and highly efficient oil-water separation materials need to be developed urgently. Due to the problems of existing materials, this study focuses on the design and preparation of high efficiency oil-water separation materials. First, hydrophobic lipophilic PDMS/Fe₃O₄/reduced graphene oxide aerogel composite (RGA) was prepared using the modified Hummers method, and then Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) were loaded. Modern characterization instruments were used to characterize the microstructure, element composition, wettability, thermal stability, and surface functional groups of the material. And oil absorption test and repeated experiments were used to determine the oil absorption properties and reliability. The research shows that: (1) After modification, the oxygen-containing functional groups in graphene oxide were reduced and the hydrophobicity and lipophilicity were improved; (2) The results of the TG showed that thermal stability was enhanced. SEM images confirmed that the material had a highly porous structure and oil droplets could fill the voids formed by the aerogel structure; (3) The oil absorption test showed that the oil absorption reached 18 times of its own weight. And it has the advantages of light weight, high mechanical strength, easy recycling, and reusable. This material has the potential for large-scale use.