Abstract: In order to reveal the characteristics of near-ground ozone pollution in China and identify the key influencing factors leading to the formation of high-concentration ozone, this paper makes a preliminary analysis of the causes of O₃ pollution on the basis of exploring the characteristics of O₃ pollution in recent years. The results show that O₃ pollution has been slowly increasing in recent years, and the extreme high temperature and drought in the summer of 2019 led to heavy O₃ pollution. The O₃ concentration in key areas such as the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas is significantly higher than the developed countries and regions such as Europe and the United States. From the time point of view, O₃ pollution mainly occurs in summer and around in China, and the peak O₃ concentration generally occurs in the afternoon. From a spatial point of view, O₃ pollution is mainly concentrated in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas, the Fenwei Plain and the junction of Jiangsu Province, Anhui Province, Shandong Province and Henan Province, followed by the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta. O₃ pollution in Chengdu, Chongqing and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River has gradually become prominent. The degree of O₃ pollution in China is mainly light pollution, and the temporal and spatial differences of O₃ and PM_2.5 pollution in key areas are obvious. The emission of NO_x and anthropogenic VOCs in China is generally at a high level. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region and the surrounding areas and the Yangtze River Delta are regions with high emission intensity of NO_x and VOCs. The formation mechanism of O₃ in the near-surface atmosphere is complicated, and the O₃ concentration has a significant non-linear response relationship with precursors VOCs and NO_x. Climate change and meteorological factors have a complexed impact on O₃ pollution, and O₃ and its precursors have mutual transport effects between regions and cities. Studies have shown that the situation of ozone pollution in China is severe. In the future, the prevention and control of ozone pollution should strengthen the research on the formation mechanism and leading factors of ozone pollution in different regions on multi-temporal and spatial scales.