Abstract: Phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) in soil play a fundamental role in the transformation of phosphorus. In order to excavate PSB resources, PSB was isolated from the rhizosphere of desert shrubs in Inner Mongolia, and its phosphorus-solubilizing and siderophore-producing capabilities were analyzed. The PSB was isolated in inorganic and organic phosphorus media, and identified through PCR based on 16S rRNA gene. Spectrophotometry of molybdate-antimony-scandium and vanadium-ammonium-molybdate was used to measure the inorganic and organic phosphorus-solubilizing capabilities, respectively. chrome azurol S (CAS) blue plate and spectrophotometer were used for qualitative screening the strains and quantitative determination of their products. The results showed that a total of 62 strains were isolated, including 6 phyla and 21 genera. Phylum Actinobacteria (32.26%) and the genus Bacillus (17.74%) were predominated taxa. Among them, 23 strains changed the color of PVK medium with inorganic phosphorus-solubilizing capability of 4.2-33.99 g/mL; 32 strains grew on organic phosphorus medium with organic phosphorus-solubilizing capability of 0.30-191.03 IU; 22 strains could produce siderophore and the production capability (A_s/A_r) was 0.47-0.99. Overall, there are a variety of PSB in the rhizosphere of desert shrubs in Inner Mongolia, and there are significant differences between the shrubs. Most PSBs have high phosphorus-solubilizing and siderophore-producing capability. Thus, they can be used as an important source of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR).