Abstract: As more and more pollutants enter the environment, the compound pollution of water by antibiotics and heavy metals has attracted the attention of scholars. Based on the analysis of the interaction mechanism between antibiotics and heavy metals, the research progress of the main treatment technologies of wastewater polluted by antibiotics and heavy metals is reviewed, and the mechanism of action and advantages and disadvantages are summarized. The results showed that the interaction between antibiotics and heavy metals was affected by the types of functional groups, the types of heavy metal ions and the pH of the solution. Adsorption is currently the most used method, and photocatalysis and constructed wetland methods have broad application prospects. The modification of flocculant or zero-valent iron can enhance the treatment effect of wastewater with combined antibiotics and heavy metal pollution. The combination of various methods has great potential for treating combined pollution of antibiotics and heavy metals in water. It is recommended that future research should focus on the following aspects: (1) The application of various treatment technologies in actual environmental water bodies; (2) The environmental impact of complex pollution and the formulation and improvement of relevant laws and regulations; (3) The generation mechanism and influencing factors of emerging pollutant resistance genes.