Abstract: Based on the air quality monitoring and conventional meteorological observation data from April to October during the years 2015 to 2020, this study was carried out using statistical methods and subjective experience to understand the air pollution characteristics and the relationship with meteorological conditions of China. The results showed that in recent years, the proportion of single pollution days (i.e., with only ozone pollution or PM_2.5 pollution) increased, but the frequency of ‘double pollution’ events (i.e., both the ozone and PM_2.5 pollution) decreased. In the central and eastern regions of China, the ‘seesaw’ effect, i.e., the ozone pollution days increased with the decline of PM_2.5 pollution days, was obvious. Through the analysis of different pollution processes, it was found that the regional ozone pollution showed obvious characteristics of long duration. Among them, 6 ozone pollution processes lasted more than 10 days in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) and surrounding areas, and the longest duration even reached 15 days. In contrast, the combined pollution processes of ozone and PM_2.5 showed the characteristics of discrete (less regional pollution processes) and intermittent (less continuous processes). Regional ozone pollution generally occurred under the meteorological conditions of high daily maximum temperature, low wind speed and low mixing layer height. However, regional ozone pollution can also occur in northeast China under the conditions conducive to atmospheric diffusion. By analyzing the ground weather patterns during the pollution periods, it was found that the average pressure field type and the low-pressure control type were the two main ground weather patterns for ozone pollution; the probability of ozone pollution under high-pressure control was relatively lower; there was also a certain probability of ozone pollution under the control of inverted trough in BTH and surrounding areas. The results showed that the ozone pollution in the central and eastern regions of China is relatively serious, and the pollution characteristics are distinct. It is of great significance to investigate the correlation between ozone pollution and meteorological conditions in different regions for the effective control of air pollution.