Abstract: Contaminated groundwater in many places is usually very difficult to remediate and has become a serious environmental problem in China. The heterogeneity of hydrogeological conditions, complexity of contaminant behavior, and limitations of remediation technologies require long-term remediation time frames and significant resource consumption, thus hindering the redevelopment and utilization of those contaminated sites. To cope with this issue, the US EPA proposed the concept of technical impracticability, which is determined based on site-specific characterization and remediation performance data. Furthermore, the ITRC proposed an adaptive management framework for dynamically refining the conceptual site model, setting up site objectives, and developing interim objectives and adaptive remedial strategies. Similarly, low-risk site closure is implemented on the site that is not completely cleaned up but actually poses minimum risk to human health and the environment. All of them need long-term management. China has not yet established countermeasures for technology impracticability, and there are still challenges in the remediation of complex contaminated ground water. Based on the lessons learned from the USA, we recommend the following strategies for groundwater remediation in China: establish a technical system for tracking the remediation process; carry out risk assessment of residual pollutants, and implement the long-term management of contaminated sites. The proposed management framework and tools will provide scientific support for the redevelopment of contaminated land in China.