Abstract: The identification and control of landfill leachate level are critical components of landfill environmental risk management. The traditional multi-electrode resistivity method device has the advantages of non-destructive, fast and high resolution. However, the high resistance characteristics of HDPE anti-seepage film laid in landfill mask the low resistance characteristics of the leachate. The inversion results of the Least Squares using the traditional linear inversion method have problems such as poor detection accuracy and limited detection range, and inability to accurately determine the leachate level. Therefore, an improved ‘Chuan’ device is proposed to collect data, and a nonlinear inversion algorithm based on depth neural network EConvNet-C is proposed. By constructing a high-simulation physical model, the learning samples of representative scenes are obtained, and the nonlinear mapping relationship between leachate level and observation data is obtained through training and learning. The effectiveness of the improved electrical method device and the matching inversion algorithm is verified, and a case study of an actual landfill site is carried out. The results show that: (1) The resistivity of EConvNet-C inversion based on ‘Chuan’ device has obvious layered characteristics. In scenario A, the MSE of EConvNet-C inversion algorithm is less than 0.002,30, and the detection accuracy of leachate water level is more than 90.0%. (2) In the case of abnormal accumulation in the form of ‘shallow stagnant water’, the detection accuracy of this method decreases slightly, but the MSE is still below 0.004,20 and the water level detection accuracy is still above 80.0%. (3) The detection accuracy of leachate water level based on the coupling method of traditional detection device and depth neural network is slightly lower than that of this method, while the method based on the coupling of traditional detection device and linear inversion can not effectively identify the leachate water level under the influence of the high resistance characteristics of HDPE membrane. Therefore, the EConvNet-C based on ‘chuan’ device has great potential in the field of landfill leachate level detection, which can provide guidance for the performance and risk assessment of landfill in the later stage.