Abstract: China has integrated climate change into the overall strategy of national economic and social development, taken active measures to effectively control greenhouse gas emissions from the key industrial sectors, and carried out collaborative study on pollution and carbon reduction, which is of great significance to urban atmospheric environmental quality improvement and low-carbon transformation development. This study takes Weinan City as a case, which is located in the Fenwei Plain, one of national key regions for air pollution prevention and control. The paper uses the LMDI decomposition method and LEAP model to analyze the impact of pollution reduction, energy structure improvement and industrial structure adjustment policies on future energy consumption and air pollutant reduction potential in Weinan City by building a variety of scenarios. The peak carbon time and peak carbon level are predicted. The results show that the improvement of energy structure, the optimization of industrial structure, and the adjustment of transportation have significant effect on synergistic emission reduction of pollutants and greenhouse gases. However, the potential of traditional environmental governance policies is diminishing, such as reducing backward production capacity, transforming industrial furnaces, and upgrading of industrial pollutant emission standards. The research shows that it is necessary to promote the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure, focus on improving the energy structure, accelerate the optimization of the transportation structure, force the green and low-carbon transformation of energy and industry and transportation structure and the coordinated improvement of ecological environment quality, lead the overall green transformation of economic and social development, and achieve the synergy effect of reducing pollution and carbon.