Abstract: River runoff is an important pathway for terrestrial organic matters to enter the ocean, and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) pollution is of particular concern. In order to understand the pollution characteristics of PCBs and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), including hexachlorocyclohexane (HCHs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDTs) and chlordane (CHLs), in the Yangtze River, water samples were collected at the Datong Station of the Yangtze River during November 2017 to November 2018. The concentrations of dissolved and particulate PCBs, HCHs, DDTs and CHLs were determined by gas chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer (GC-MS/MS) to discuss compound composition, phase distribution and source. The fluxes were estimated and illustrated by the changes of concentration, annual runoff and sediment load. The results showed that the dissolved concentrations of ∑₄₁PCBs and ∑₉OCPs in surface water of the Datong Station were 0.059-0.29 and 0.21-0.52 ng/L, respectively. Moreover, the particulate concentrations of ∑₄₁PCBs and ∑₉OCPs were 0.26-0.88 and 0.34-0.89 ng/L, respectively. Combined with the comparison of concentration levels in different regions, the compound composition and ratio results indicated that HCHs, DDTs and CHLs were dominated by the historical application of pesticides, but there were new inputs of PCBs. The estimated fluxes of PCBs, HCHs and DDTs from river runoff were 0.57, 0.35 and 0.29 t/a, respectively. The results of this study indicated that the pollution characteristics of dissolved and particulate PCBs and OCPs in water of the Datong Station were different, and the fluxes of PCBs, HCHs and DDTs were significantly lower than those from 2009 to 2015 reported by previous studies, due to the overall reduction in pollutant concentration, annual runoff and sediment load of the Yangtze River over the past decade, and reduced dissolved concentration of PCBs, HCHs and DDTs in water were important factors. It can be said that ‘to set up conservation of the Yangtze River and stop its over development’ proposed during the ‘13^th Five-Year Plan’ period, as well as the implementation of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants in the past 20 years have jointly contributed to the decline of flux. In the future, further studies should focus on the profile distribution of POPs and exchange fluxes at the different media interface from Datong to the Yangtze River Estuary, to systematically reveal the role of the Yangtze River runoff output and its implications for the regional POPs cycle.