Abstract: With the globalization and expansion of economy, incidents such as zoonosis and food safety occur frequently. In the face of the increasingly tense conflicts between man and nature and complex and difficult human disease problems, the concept of ‘integrated prevention and control’ of ecology, environment and human health is proposed to further and better realize the strategic deployment of ‘Beautiful China’ and ‘Healthy China’. The above concepts are put forward to address complex ecological, environment and health issues from a holistic perspective, connect different departments and disciplines to break through information barriers and solve current problems. In recent years, China has made some efforts in ‘integrated prevention and control’, including the establishment of One Health Research Center based on Sun Yat-sen University, multidisciplinary joint prevention and control of epidemics, full-cycle biomonitoring, and the continuous establishment and development of new interdisciplines, all of which reflect the concept of ‘integrated prevention and control’ in China. However, it is still in the initial stage and needs to be further strengthened and improved. This paper systematically sorts out the current development situation and possible problems in the fields of ecology, environment and human health in China, puts forward the idea of ‘integrated prevention and control’, and suggests that in the future, we should further strengthen the co-construction and co-management in the fields of ecology, environment and human health, establish the official organizations of ‘integrated prevention and control’, form a governance system and method with multi-sectoral linkage, multi-disciplinary intersection and multi-dimensional coordination, promote the construction of basic research and monitoring network under the concept of ‘integrated prevention and control’, strengthen the scientific and technological means of the whole cycle, and promote the cross-fertilization of related disciplines to jointly achieve the harmonious coexistence between human and nature.