Abstract: Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), as emerging contaminants, pose a huge threat to human health and the ecological environment. It has been confirmed that ARGs can enter livestock and humans through the food chain along with agricultural products, causing greater health risks. However, there is still insufficient systematic research on ARGs in agricultural planting environment. This paper is based on bibliometrics and systematically summarizes the research progress of ARGs in agricultural environment in the past 5 years, and a systematic and in-depth study is performed on the pollution sources, occurrence forms, migration risks, influencing factors and control measures of ARGs. The result showed that there is little research on ARGs in the agricultural environments and a lack of focus. The application of organic fertilizers/manure, irrigation with production and domestic sewage, and the use of disinfectants all contributed to the accumulation of ARGs in agricultural planting environments, becoming an emerging reservoir for the development of antibiotic resistance. In agricultural planting environments, the ARGs mainly existed in intracellular DNA (iDNA), extracellular DNA (eDNA), mobile genetic elements (MGEs), and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The widespread distribution of eDNA and stable exchange of EPS facilitated the accumulation of ARGs. The migration risk of ARGs in agricultural planting environments, known as horizontal gene transfer (HGT), is mainly attributed to the processes such as MGE migration, inter-bacterial transfer of iDNA, natural transformation of eDNA, and EPS exchange. These processes are influenced by various factors such as soil physicochemical properties, nutrient elements, antibiotics, and other pollutants under different agricultural land use patterns. Additionally, soil salinization, nutrient and pollutant enrichment in agricultural planting environments can exacerbate the risk of the spread of antibiotic resistance. Currently, composting fermentation and organic carbon addition are the main methods to control the spread of antibiotic resistance, but these methods mainly reduce the production of ARGs by degrading and adsorbing antibiotics, which is insufficient to meet the demand for reducing the accumulation of ARGs in the soil environments. It is recommended to further study the evolutionary characteristics of ARGs in agricultural environments and conduct comprehensive risk assessment. Measures such as source control, nutrient optimization, and pollutant remediation should be taken to enhance soil stability, reduce the bacterial stress caused by changes in antibiotics, pollutants and nutrients, and inhibit the accumulation, migration and diffusion of ARGs in agricultural environment.