Abstract: Most research on electroplating wastewater involves highly toxic substances such as metals and cyanides, but insufficient attention has been paid to microplastic pollution (MPs), which has attracted widespread attention in other fields in recent years. In order to study characteristics, removal efficiency, and ecological risks of MPs in electroplating wastewater treatment, a typical electroplating industrial park in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area was selected as the research area. Samples were taken from wastewater generated in various production processes and wastewater from sewage treatment plants, and the abundance, composition and size of MPs were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that: (1) Among the four types of electroplating wastewater, the comprehensive electroplating wastewater had the highest content of MPs ((1.22×10⁷±3.87×10⁵) particles/m³), followed by nickel plating wastewater ((8.20×10⁶±8.59×10⁴) particles/m³). The main component of MPs in electroplating wastewater was polypropylene (PP). (2) In the wastewater treatment plant, MPs with dimension exceeding 500 m or composed of Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) and Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) can be completely removed, with a total removal rate of 99.72%. Among the main wastewater treatment processes, air flotation had the highest removal rate of MPs (95.59%), followed by sedimentation (83.33%). Air flotation can effectively remove most lightweight polymers, while precipitation method is more effective in removing high-density MPs. The abundance of MPs in electroplating wastewater treatment was significantly correlated with suspended solids (SS), chromaticity and turbidity, but not with pH. (3) In addition, the potential ecological risk assessment results indicate that the potential ecological risks of MPs in comprehensive electroplating wastewater and nickel-containing electroplating wastewater are extremely high and require high attention. The current electroplating wastewater treatment process can effectively reduce the abundance of MPs and quantity of highly hazardous polymer polyethylene (PE), thereby significantly reducing potential ecological risks. The research results indicate that the concentration of MPs in wastewater from the electroplating industrial park was significantly higher than that in domestic wastewater. Although the wastewater treatment process effectively treats a large amount of MPs and reduces potential ecological risks after treatment, MPs in electroplating wastewater are still more prone to carry heavy metals and other toxic pollutants compared to domestic sewage. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen regulations on the control of MPs pollution emissions in the electroplating industry.