Abstract: To understand the effects of urban surface spatial optimization on the production of ozone (O₃), meteorological factors such as near-surface air temperature, wind environment, and relative humidity were selected to establish an Ozone Production Meteorological Condition Index (OPMCI). Using the data from Beijing Dongsi Monitoring Station in 2023, ENVI-met simulation was performed to simulate the near-surface meteorological conditions under four different scenarios. The baseline scenario reflected actual near-surface conditions. Scenario 1 incorporated increased impervious surfaces compared to the baseline, Scenario 2 optimized building height and orientation, and Scenario 3 enhanced urban greening spaces. The results showed that: (1) O₃-8 h at Beijing Dongsi Monitoring Station exhibited strong positive correlations with temperature and shortwave solar radiation (R>0.7), and weak negative correlations with relative humidity and wind velocity. (2) Increasing urban greening reduced surface temperature, enhanced humidity, and mitigated direct solar radiation, resulting in a 0.12 decrease in the OPMCI and O₃ production. Adjusting building heights and layouts altered wind dynamics, affecting O₃ dispersion. However, variations in wind direction and speed introduced complexity to the effects on O₃ concentrations. Widespread impervious surfaces, such as brick or asphalt, amplified arid conditions that are conducive to O₃ production. (3) Source apportionment of atmospheric pollution should consider the microclimatic characteristics near the surface to assess the detrimental factors for O₃ production and dispersion. This study shows that urban surface conditions are one of the factors influencing near surface O₃ production, and optimizing urban spatial configuration can regulate the microclimate environment and reduce near surface O₃ production. Future urban development should avoid large, contiguous construction zones to prevent O₃ production. Leveraging the ‘carbon peak and carbon neutrality’ goals to promote the vertical greening of old city buildings and expand green spaces could facilitate urban surface revitalization and reduce the preconditions that promote O₃ production at the surface level.