Abstract: Freeze-thaw cycles often occur in most regions of China. The coupled effects of freeze-thaw processes and hydrochemical conditions can affect the microstructure and compositional characteristics of soil minerals, which may significantly increase the migration risks of heavy metals in soils. Considering the interrelationship between heavy metal release and mineral weathering under freezing-thawing and hydrochemical coupled actions, this study examines the key factors influencing the interactions between freeze-thaw cycles and hydrochemical processes. The environmental behavior of heavy metals in soils was investigated. The mineralogical characteristics of contaminated soils were analyzed. Moreover, the effects of physicochemical weathering of minerals on the environmental behavior of heavy metals in soils were elucidated. The main findings include: (1) The coupled effects of freeze-thaw cycles and hydrochemistry significantly affect the microstructure of soil particles through periodic phase transitions between water and ice. (2) The coupled effects of freeze-thaw cycles and hydrochemistry significantly affect the environmental behaviors (i.e., adsorption/desorption and migration/release) of heavy metals in contaminated soils, and significantly influence their environmental availability such as leachability, bioavailability and bioaccessibility. (3) The environmental behavior of heavy metals is not only affected by the microstructural disruption of mineral particles in soils, but also by the changes in mineralogical composition of contaminated soils. Therefore, future research should focus on elucidating heavy metals release mechanisms under various freezing-thawing and hydrochemical conditions, clarifying the microstructural evolution mechanism of mineral particles in soils, characterizing the changes in soil mineral composition, and revealing the influence of mineral weathering on heavy metal mobility. This study provides the scientific reference for risk control and remediation evaluation strategies for heavy metal contaminated soils.