Abstract: The environ mental challenge of Great Western Region Development in China is the aggravation of ecological frangibility and the quickness of environ mental pollution going in a westward direction . Some effective environ mental countermeasures need to be put in practicein China’s Western Region ,e.g .carrying out scientific researches on ecological environment ,strengthening and extending the scope of EIA,enhancing capability building of environ mental management intensifying the power of ecological conservation and construction ,strongly prohibiting the westward moving trend of environ mental pollution ,formulating and implementing “ Blue Sky Program in the Western Region”，and reinforcing water resourcesconservation and their effective utilization.