Abstract: Water samples were collected in the Zhalong Wetland in summer 2003, and the spatial variability of TN, NH₄⁺-N, TP and PO₄^3- was analyzed by applying geostatistics combined with GIS. The analysis of semivariogram indicated that TN, NH₄⁺-N, TP and PO₄^3- in the Zhalong Wetland showed certain spatial-related variability with small nugget and high proportion of spatial structure influenced by a certain structure factors, and the fractal features reflected that the complexity of spatial variability is not remarkable. The maps coming from Ordinary Kriging optimal interpolation showed uniform spatial distribution pattern of TN, NH₄⁺-N, TP and PO₄^3-, and the high negative spatial relationship with water depth in the sampling area illustrated that the variation of water depth was the structure factor controlling the spatial variability of nitrogen and phosphorus in the Zhalong Wetland.