Abstract: The system of law of undertaking treatment within a prescribed limit of time was dealt with. The analysis and argument of legal problems and realistic obstacles of the current system were carried on, from the standpoint of applicability and practicability of the system of law and aiming at improvement and innovation of it. Combining the actual work with the theoretical argument, it is suggested that through entrusting the right of forcing the polluters to undertake treatment within a prescribed limit of time to the environmental protection departments, concrete contents of the system of law be further defined, including the conditions of the system of law, the implementation procedures and forms, and the obligations of the polluters, so as to promote functioning of the system of law and improvement of environmental management capacity.