Abstract: The translocation and transformation rules of nitrobenzene were conducted at 4, 10 and 20 ℃ by laboratory simulative equipment under the closed, open systems with different environment factors. The results indicated that nitrobenzene translocation and distribution between the overlying water and the sediment is significantly affected by the temperature. Under open status, nitrobenzene contents both in the overlying water and the sediment are lower than the counterparts of closing status. Evaporation not only affect nitrobenzene translocation and distribution but also accelerate desorption of sediment. However, illumination has little effect on nitrobenzene translocation. For the same water-sediment system, the influencing factors of nitrobenzene translocation and distribution in the simulative system were temperature, evaporation and illumination. The detecting results also indicated that there is no possibility for nitrobenzene to transformation in this experiment conditions.