渤海湾海岸带生境退化诊断方法

Diagnosing Coastal Zone Habitat Degradation in the Bohai Bay

  • 摘要: 海岸带是世界上生产力和生物多样性最高的生境类型之一. 海岸带生境退化诊断技术研究是保护生态系统和近海生物资源的现实需求,将为海岸带环境管理提供有力的技术支撑. 以渤海湾海岸带为研究区域,基于驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应(DPSIR)框架模型,构建了渤海湾生境退化诊断的指标体系;采用层次分析法确定指标权重系数,对渤海湾海岸带生境退化进行了综合诊断和评价. 结果表明:相对于20世纪80年代,20多年来渤海湾海岸带的水质下降了1个等级,底质和滩涂栖息地下降了2个等级,入海物质对海岸带环境的压力提高了2个等级,海岸带生境的综合评价结果下降了1个等级.

     

    Abstract: Coastal zone habitats have among the highest productivities and biodiversities throughout the world. Protecting marine ecosystems and resources demands the study and development of techniques to diagnose coastal zone habitat degradation. This is also critical to provide support for coastal environmental management. In this paper, the coastal zone of the Bohai Bay was selected as the study area, and the DPSIR framework model was adopted to establish an index system for diagnosing the coastal zone habitat degradation of the Bohai Bay. An analytic hierarchy process was applied to identify the weightings, so as to perform a comprehensive diagnosis and evaluation of the coastal zone habitat degradation of the Bohai Bay. The diagnostic results indicate that, compared with the 1980s, the water quality has degraded by one level; the sediment and the tidal flat habitat have degraded by two levels; the marine environmental pressure of the pollutant flux to the coastal zone has increased by two levels; and, the integrated state of the coastal zone of the Bohai Bay has degraded by one level.

     

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