Abstract: Soil artificially contaminated with DecaBDE was used in this study for thermal desorption. Six temperatures (200,300, 325,350, 400 and 450 ℃) and six levels of residue times (10,20, 30,40, 50 and 90 min) were set in the experiment. The removal rates and residual concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs, including BDE28, BDE47, BDE66, BDE99, BDE100, BDE138, BDE153, BDE154, BDE183, BDE190, BDE196, BDE197, BDE203, BDE205, BDE206, BDE207, BDE208 and BDE209) were tested. The PBDEs concentration of the sample was 1136.69 mg/kg. In the low temperature ranges, 200 ℃ and 300 ℃, the removal rates of PBDEs were lower than those under higher temperatures. At 300 ℃, the removal rate was 76.81%, and the concentration of PBDEs in the soil was 263.57mg/kg after being heated for 90 min. In the middle temperature ranges, 325 ℃ and 350 ℃, the PBDEs residues were much less than those in the low temperature ranges. The concentration of PBDEs in the soil was 114.01 mg/kg after being heated at 350 ℃ for 40 min, representing a removal rate of about 90%. In the high temperature ranges, 400 ℃ and 450 ℃, the PBDEs concentration was 4.81 mg/kg after 20 minutes of heating at 450 ℃, representing a removal rate exceeding 99%. The results showed that the removal rates of PBDEs increase with temperature and/or residence time. According to the results of the experiment, the optimal temperature and residue time to dispose of the experimental soil samples were 400 ℃ and 20 min.