Abstract: Different technological levels and low industrial concentrations presents in the primary aluminum production industry of China. With domestic primary aluminum outputs increases, the greenhouse gass(GHG) emission and associated calculation methods are widely applied. In order to study the complexity of feedstock types and energy mix in China''s primary aluminum industry, decomposition based on the existing carbon emission accounting framework was carried out to establish an appropriated GHG calculation model for the complex system. All levels of raw materials, processes and technologies were involved in the model of this study. Moreover, an associated fundamental database was formed through detailed field researches and expert consultations on the typical aluminum enterprises. GHG emission from primary aluminum production was quantified based on database and calculation model mentioned above. The result showed that considering alumina refining technology mix and distinguished grids distribution of smelting production capability. The specific CO_2emission for primary aluminum production of China in 2011was estimated for 14.7t/t. CO_2emission associated with the electricity consumption of smelting process accounts for 70% of the overall emission. Emissions from those smelters located in South grid were 13% and 30% lower than that from Central and North China grid, respectively. It also demonstrated that a further mitigation of GHG emission could be carried out from multi-respects of material, process and technologies. The corresponding methods involve preferring to low carbon materials, eliminating backward refining technologies, introducing advanced smelting technology with low temperature and voltage.