Abstract: In China, most studies related to vehicular greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have been focusing on CO_2emissions. In contrast, there are few studies on emission factors or total emissions of non-CO₂GHG such as CH_4and N₂O. To support the mitigation of non-CO₂GHG emissions, it is necessary to develop a reliable non-CO₂GHG emission inventory from motor vehicles in China based on solid investigation. The activity data and emission characteristics of motor vehicles in China in 2010were obtained from annual reports, yearbooks and information released by government, literature investigation and field survey of representative fleets over ten typical cities including Beijing, Guangzhou and Chongqing. Using the basic information, the vehicle population, annual mileage traveled and emission factors in the distribution of vehicle type, fuel and age were estimated to develop the CH_4and N₂O emission inventory for motor vehicles in 2010.The results showed that CH_4and N₂O emissions from motor vehicles were 23.90×10^4t (i.e., 501.99×10^4t CO₂) and 6.01×10^4t (i.e., 1862.51×10^4t CO₂), respectively, in 2010.Through the uncertainty analysis,CH_4and N₂O emissions ranged from 18.21×10⁴-27.52×10^4t and 4.32×10⁴-7.62×10^4t. Automobiles were the greatest contributor to the vehicular CH₄and N₂O emissions, by sharing 77.99% and 94.22% of the total emissions, respectively. In comparison, the contribution of emissions from motorcycles and agricultural vehicles were much smaller. Among automobiles, the light-duty gasoline vehicles and natural gas powered taxis were the major sources of CH_4emission, sharing 47.98% and 23.42% of the total amount; and N₂O emissions mainly originated from the light-duty gasoline vehicles, which shared 73.09% of the total emissions. Therefore, the light-duty gasoline vehicles were the key fleet to cut vehicular CH_4and N₂O emissions, and natural gas powered taxis were also the major fleet to control CH_4emissions.