Abstract: To investigate the relationships between soil enzyme activities and physicochemical factors, soil enzyme activities and physic chemical factors were studied in Yutian oasis of southern marginal zones of Tarim Basin by traditional statistics and redundancy analysis (RDA). The results showed that soil enzyme activities in the area were low, with the average of enzyme properties as follows:catalase (calculated by KMnO₄), invertase (calculated by Na₂S₂O₃), urease (calculated by NH₃-N), alkaline phosphatase (calculated by C₆H₆O) activity of 9.37,2.04,0.27 and 0.18 mg/g, respectively. According to the RDA results, the soil organic matter content, water content, groundwater depth and available phosphorus were the main factors limiting soil enzyme activities. Soil organic matter, water and available phosphorus were significantly positively correlated with enzyme activity, while groundwater depth was negatively correlated with enzyme activity. According to the ranking and significant test, the importance rank followed the order as follows:soil organic matter content > soil water content > groundwater depth > available phosphorus > pH > conductivity > available potassium. Strong soil salinization was not entirely limited to soil enzyme activities; organic matter, water and nutrients were found to be the key factors limiting enzyme activities.